Hybrid Barrier Coating for OLEDs Resolving Crack-Permeability Trade-off

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Solution Overview

Problem

Organic electronic devices like OLEDs are vulnerable to degradation due to water vapor and oxygen diffusion, which existing inorganic barrier coatings fail to adequately prevent, as they contain microscopic defects that allow permeation.

Innovation Solution

A hybrid layer comprising a mixture of polymeric and non-polymeric materials is formed using chemical vapor deposition, with a single source precursor, to create a barrier coating that reduces permeability without compromising optical transparency and flexibility.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If inorganic barrier coatings (silicon oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide) are used to protect OLEDs from water vapor and oxygen, then barrier performance is improved, but the films contain microscopic defects and cracks that allow diffusion

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebarrier performanceVSAvoidmicroscopic defects and cracks
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies composite materials by combining inorganic barrier layers (silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or aluminum oxide) with organic polymer layers (polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, or polyethylene naphthalate) to create a multilayer structure. This composite approach leverages the low permeability of inorganic materials while using the flexible polymer layers to accommodate stress and prevent crack formation, thereby resolving the contradiction between barrier performance and defect prevention.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the barrier coating into multiple alternating inorganic and organic layers rather than using a single thick inorganic layer. This segmentation distributes the mechanical stress across multiple interfaces and prevents the formation of continuous crack paths through the barrier, while each inorganic layer maintains its protective function against water vapor and oxygen diffusion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If multilayer barrier coatings with alternating inorganic and polymer layers are used, then resistance to water vapor and oxygen penetration is improved, but complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresistance to water vapor and oxygen penetrationVSAvoidcoating structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the barrier coating into repeated units of inorganic and organic layers, creating a modular multilayer structure. Each unit provides both barrier function and stress relief, achieving effective protection against water vapor and oxygen while maintaining a manageable coating architecture that can be deposited using sequential CVD processes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

By combining inorganic materials with low permeability properties and organic materials with high flexibility and stress tolerance, the patent creates a composite multilayer system that achieves superior barrier performance without requiring excessive numbers of layers, thus balancing protection effectiveness with structural complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Object-affected harmful factors

If inorganic films are used as barrier coatings, then water and oxygen diffusion is reduced, but the brittle film develops cracks that compromise protection

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewater and oxygen diffusionVSAvoidfilm flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a composite structure where brittle inorganic layers are interspersed with flexible organic polymer layers. The inorganic layers provide the necessary barrier against water and oxygen diffusion, while the organic layers accommodate mechanical stress and prevent crack propagation, thereby maintaining both protective function and structural integrity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

By segmenting the coating into alternating brittle and flexible layers, the patent prevents stress concentration in any single layer. The flexible organic layers act as stress-relief zones between inorganic barrier layers, preventing the development of continuous crack paths while maintaining effective diffusion barriers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The hybrid layer effectively prevents water vapor and oxygen penetration, enhancing the longevity and performance of OLEDs by minimizing defects and maintaining mechanical properties.

Implementation Method 1

depositing over the surface a hybrid layer comprising a mixture of a polymeric material and a non-polymeric material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical vapor deposition: Chemical Vapour Deposition

Data Source

PatentEP2274458B1Method for protecting electronic devices by means of hybrid layers
Publication Date: 2020.03.25 UNIVERSAL DISPLAY CORP
  • EP2274458B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2274458B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2274458B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A method for protecting an electronic device comprising an organic device body. The method involves the use of a hybrid layer deposited by chemical vapor deposition. The hybrid layer comprises a mixture of a polymeric material and a non-polymeric material, wherein the weight ratio of polymeric to non-polymeric material is in the range of 95:5 to 5:95, and wherein the polymeric material and the non-polymeric material are created from the same source of precursor material. Also disclosed are techniques for impeding the lateral diffusion of environmental contaminants.