Hybrid Coupler Sum Difference Ports Same Side
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current hybrid couplers with sum and difference ports located opposite to each other complicate integration into systems, requiring longer cables and complicating fabrication, whereas the need is for a simpler and more efficient structure.
Innovation Solution
A hybrid coupler design with sum and difference ports on the same side utilizing a 2-layer printed circuit structure, featuring microstrip and slot-line configurations to ensure balanced amplitudes and phases at output ports, achieving in-phase signals and perfect isolation between ports.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If sum port and difference port are located opposite to each other in conventional hybrid couplers, then the isolation between ports is improved, but the device complexity and integration difficulty increase due to longer cables and complicated fabrication
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a planar layout where sum and difference ports are opposite to each other to a folded configuration where ports are adjacent on the same side. This dimensional reorganization maintains electrical isolation while reducing cable lengths and simplifying integration, effectively solving the contradiction between port isolation and device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a folded nested structure where the transmission paths are arranged in a compact folded pattern within the same physical footprint. This nesting approach allows sum and difference ports to be adjacent while maintaining the required electrical isolation through controlled impedance paths, reducing overall device complexity
2Manufacturing precision
If sum port and difference port are located opposite to each other, then the hybrid coupler meets traditional design specifications, but the cable length and fabrication complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of following the conventional approach of placing sum and difference ports opposite to each other, the patent inverts the layout by positioning them adjacent on the same side. This inversion maintains all required electrical characteristics while dramatically simplifying fabrication and reducing cable lengths, directly addressing the manufacturing ease contradiction
3Productivity
If sum port and difference port are placed adjacent on the same side, then the integration efficiency and structure simplicity are improved, but new design methods are required to maintain isolation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes parameter changes in the transmission line design, specifically controlling impedance values and path lengths, to maintain proper isolation and signal characteristics despite the non-conventional adjacent port layout. This allows simplified integration while managing design complexity through optimized electrical parameters
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design simplifies the integration and fabrication of hybrid couplers by placing sum and difference ports adjacent to each other, ensuring balanced output signals and enhanced isolation, thus meeting the technical requirements of microwave circuit applications.
Implementation Method 1
signal from the sum port is transmitted to microstrip line, then transformed to the odd mode signal that transmitted on 2 slot-line via the connection line 1
Implementation Method 2
signal from the difference port transmitted to microstrip line, transformed to the even mode signal that is transmitted on slot-line
Implementation Method 3
hybrid coupler in this invention uses the slot structure, it is the passive component used for power combining and dividing in many microwave circuit applications
Data Source
AI summary
This invention refers to hybrid coupler with the sum port and difference port located on the same side. The hybrid coupler can be efficiently integrated into the high frequency circuit with its simple structure, using common material. To achieve this purpose, the hybrid coupler in this invention consists of the following parts: sum port, difference port, output port 1, output port 2, connection line 1, connection line 2 and microstrip line.