Hydrogen Storage Safety Valve With Plug Ejection Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing safety systems for hydrogen storage tanks, such as thermally activated pressure relief devices (TPRDs), can create hazardous local conditions when activated, and there is a need to detect such activations promptly for safety intervention.

Innovation Solution

A safety valve with a detection device that includes a support, conductors, and a contacting element, which changes its electrical contact state when the plug is ejected from the gas exhaust outlet, allowing for the detection of over-pressure and over-temperature conditions and triggering a warning.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a TPRD is installed on hydrogen storage tanks to prevent rupture or explosion, then safety is improved, but hazardous local conditions are created when the TPRD activates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesafetyVSAvoidhazardous local conditions
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a detection device with electrical contacts that provide feedback when the TPRD plug is ejected. The detection device includes a support with first and second conductors, and a contacting element that moves to interrupt electrical contact when the plug is ejected, signaling the activation state back to the monitoring system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Difficulty of detecting and measuring

If additional heat detectors are installed to monitor TPRD activation, then detection capability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection capabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Difficulty of detecting and measuringVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the TPRD safety function with a detection function by integrating electrical contacts directly into the plug ejection mechanism. The detection device combines mechanical movement detection with electrical signaling, eliminating the need for separate heat detectors while maintaining detection capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Stress or pressure

If the plug is ejected from the gas exhaust outlet to relieve over-pressure, then pressure relief is achieved, but the activation event needs to be detected for safety monitoring

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepressure reliefVSAvoidactivation detection
Core Design Contradiction:
Stress or pressureVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The TPRD plug serves dual functions: it mechanically relieves pressure by ejecting from the gas exhaust outlet, and simultaneously activates the detection device through its own movement. The plug's ejection motion directly triggers the electrical contact interruption, making the safety device self-reporting without requiring external sensors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables quick detection and alerting of TPRD activation, allowing for timely safety interventions and reducing the need for additional heat detectors, thereby enhancing safety in hydrogen storage and transportation.

Implementation Method 1

The detection device also comprises a compression spring extending between a first and a second ends, fixed respectively to the support and to the contacting element; and in the deactivated conformation of the detection device, the compression spring is in a compressed state ; and in the activated conformation of the detection device, the compression spring is in a relaxed state

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCompression spring: Spring

Data Source

PatentEP4524457A1Safety valve for a storage tank storing dihydrogen
Publication Date: 2025.03.19 ALSTOM TRANSPORT SA
  • EP4524457A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4524457A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4524457A1 patent drawing

AI summary

The present invention concerns a safety valve (10) for a storage tank (12) able to store dihydrogen, the safety valve comprising : a valve body (16) ; an inner chamber (18), formed in the valve body ; a gas inlet (20) and a gas exhaust outlet (22), opening in the inner chamber (18) ; and a plug (24), inserted in the gas exhaust outlet (22) ; the plug (24) being configured for being ejected from the gas exhaust outlet (22) in case of an overpressure and/or of an over-temperature in the inner chamber (18). The safety valve also comprises a detection device (26) coupled to the plug (24), the detection device being configured for being activated when the plug is ejected from the gas exhaust outlet (22).