Hydroxytyrosol Rendering for Oxidatively Stable Animal Meal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing rendering processes for animal by-products face challenges in achieving high oxidative stability of animal meals due to the inefficiency of transferring natural antioxidants like tocopherols to the protein fraction, leading to the need for additional antioxidant addition, which is costly and inefficient.
Innovation Solution
The process involves adding hydroxytyrosol to animal by-products before rendering, allowing it to be predominantly transferred to the protein fraction, thereby producing animal meals with high oxidative stability without the need for further antioxidant addition.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If natural antioxidants like tocopherols are used, then oxidative protection is provided, but they accumulate in the fat fraction and are not transferred to the protein fraction
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameter of the antioxidant from lipophilic (tocopherols, BHA, BHT) to amphipathic (hydroxytyrosol). This parameter change enables the antioxidant to partition differently during rendering, transferring to the protein fraction rather than accumulating in fat, thereby resolving the contradiction between providing oxidative stability and achieving efficient process operation.
2Ease of manufacture
If synthetic antioxidants like BHA and BHT are used, then cost is reduced, but they accumulate in the fat fraction requiring additional antioxidant addition
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameter of the antioxidant from lipophilic to amphipathic, which fundamentally alters its behavior during rendering. This single parameter change eliminates the need for additional antioxidant addition at the end of the process, thereby improving productivity while maintaining cost effectiveness.
3Reliability
If hydroxytyrosol is added to animal by-products, then oxidative stability is enhanced, but the amphipathic nature was expected to cause washing away or transfer to fat
Solution Approach 1:
The amphipathic nature of hydroxytyrosol, which was initially expected to cause loss through washing away or fat transfer, actually becomes beneficial. The hydrophobic portion anchors it to the protein fraction during rendering while the hydrophilic portion prevents complete fat solubility. This converts the expected harmful effect into a beneficial selective partitioning behavior that achieves high oxidative stability in the protein meal.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Hydroxytyrosol effectively protects both proteins and fats during rendering, resulting in animal meals with exceptionally high oxidative stability, reducing the need for additional antioxidants and maintaining quality.
Implementation Method 1
The protein and lipid components contained in animal meat makes it highly susceptible to perishability and spoilage, mainly from the effects of oxygen due to deteriorative oxidation... adding hydroxytyrosol to animal by-products before rendering not only protects both proteins and fats from oxidation
Implementation Method 2
heating at a temperature from 50°C to 250°C until the fat contained in the animal by-product is melted
Data Source
AI summary
A process for producing an animal meal including the steps of a) contacting an animal by-product comprising protein and fat with hydroxytyrosol; b) heating at a temperature from 50° C. to 250° C. until the fat contained in the animal by-product is melted; c) separating the melted fat from the animal by-product; and d) grinding the animal by-product thereby obtaining the animal meal. An animal meal or fat obtainable by this process of the invention; and food, pet food, or animal feed comprising said animal meal or fat.