IGBT Relay Protection Circuit for EV Overvoltage and Undervoltage
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-voltage components in electric vehicles are prone to failure due to overvoltage or undervoltage conditions, leading to potential circuit failures and component damage, which existing protection methods do not adequately address.
Innovation Solution
A protection circuit comprising a load circuit with insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) and capacitors, connected in parallel with a relay switch that opens or closes based on the output voltage magnitude to prevent failures by managing voltage levels effectively.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a relay switch is connected in parallel with the component to protect against overvoltage and undervoltage, then the reliability of the component is improved, but the device complexity increases due to additional protection circuits
Solution Approach 1:
The relay switch is pre-configured in parallel with the component and automatically activates before voltage damage occurs. The controller monitors voltage levels and opens/closes the relay switch in advance to prevent overvoltage and undervoltage damage, rather than reacting after failure occurs.
Solution Approach 2:
The relay switch serves as an intermediary protective element between the voltage source and the component. It mediates voltage fluctuations by opening or closing the circuit based on voltage conditions, isolating the component from harmful voltage variations without requiring modification to the component itself.
2Reliability
If the relay switch is controlled based on output voltage magnitude, then the protection effectiveness is improved, but the control system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The controller continuously monitors the output voltage magnitude and uses this feedback to dynamically control the relay switch state. When voltage exceeds safe thresholds, the controller receives feedback and activates the relay switch to open the circuit, creating a closed-loop protection system that adapts to real-time voltage conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The protection system monitors its own operating conditions (voltage magnitude) and automatically adjusts the relay switch state without external intervention. The system serves itself by detecting voltage anomalies and triggering appropriate protection actions, reducing the need for complex external control mechanisms.
Data Source
AI summary
An embodiment circuit includes a load circuit including a first insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), a second IGBT, and a component, a first end of the component being connected to the first IGBT and a second end of the component being connected to the second IGBT, a first circuit including a first capacitor and a relay switch which are connected in series, and a second circuit including a second capacitor and a third capacitor, wherein the second capacitor and the third capacitor are connected in series, wherein the load circuit, the first circuit, and the second circuit are connected in parallel, and wherein the relay switch is open or closed based on a magnitude of an output voltage of the component.