Insertable Cathode Ion Source for Stable Beam Extraction

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Solution Overview

Problem

The ion source in existing synchrocyclotrons experiences beam divergence and decreased beam current due to electric field disturbances caused by the separation of the plasma column, necessitating time-consuming position adjustments during cathode replacement, which lowers device operation rates.

Innovation Solution

An ion source design featuring a chimney fixed to the acceleration cavity with insertable cathodes, allowing for independent cathode replacement without affecting the position of the chimney or radio frequency electrode, thereby simplifying maintenance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the housing is interrupted to expose the plasma column for particle acceleration, then the acceleration function is achieved, but the extracted ion beam diverges and beam current decreases due to electric field disturbance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebeam currentVSAvoidbeam quality
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a cathode support structure as an intermediary component between the cathode and the housing. This support structure includes positioning features that maintain precise spatial relationships, acting as a mediator that ensures the plasma column remains properly positioned relative to the acceleration cavity while allowing cathode replacement without compromising beam quality or current

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of repair

If the cathode is replaced in the existing structure, then the damaged cathode can be replaced, but position adjustment is required every time which takes time and lowers device operation rate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecathode replacementVSAvoidposition adjustment time
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of repairVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements preliminary positioning actions by incorporating fixed positioning features (such as positioning holes and positioning protrusions) into the cathode support structure and housing before cathode replacement occurs. This preliminary setup ensures that when the cathode is replaced, it automatically assumes the correct position without requiring time-consuming adjustment procedures

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The cathode support structure is designed to automatically self-position the cathode through integrated positioning mechanisms. The support structure includes features that guide and secure the cathode in the correct position during replacement, enabling the system to service itself without requiring external alignment tools or procedures

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Ease of repair

If the plasma column is separated to allow cathode access, then the cathode can be replaced, but the beam extraction electric field is disturbed due to the column space generated by separation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecathode accessibilityVSAvoidelectric field positioning
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of repairVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a nested structure where the cathode is inserted into the cathode support structure, which in turn is positioned within the housing. This nested arrangement allows the cathode to be accessed and replaced through the support structure without requiring separation that would create column space and disturb the electric field, maintaining precise positioning throughout the replacement process

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enhances maintainability by facilitating quick cathode replacement and reducing the need for repositioning, improving device operation rates and beam current efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

a voltage source that applies a radio frequency (RF) voltage to the cavity to accelerate particles from the plasma column in an acceleration region

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRadio frequency acceleration: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

a magnetic structure that applies a magnetic field to a cavity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic field application: Magnetic Field

Data Source

PatentEP4694580A1Ion source, accelerator, and particle beam therapy system
Publication Date: 2026.02.11 HITACHI HIGH TECH CORP
  • EP4694580A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4694580A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4694580A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

To enhance maintainability. An ion source 3 that extracts an extraction beam 15 from an acceleration cavity A in a magnetic pole 1 includes a chimney 22, at least one cathode 23, a radio frequency acceleration electrode 8, and a dummy electrode 9. The chimney is fixed to the acceleration cavity. The at least one cathode is insertably disposed within the chimney. The cathode is a pair of cathodes that are inserted from both sides of the chimney and arranged to face each other. The radio frequency acceleration electrode accelerates the extraction beam. The dummy electrode is disposed opposite to or in parallel with the high frequency acceleration wave electrode. The chimney is electrically connected to the dummy electrode via a contact C.