Insertable cathodes in a chimney fixed to the acceleration cavity simplify replacement while preserving beam alignment and current.
A magnetic shield between the refrigerator port body and cold head maintains coil cooling during maintenance while limiting leakage flux.
A three-region disturbance magnetic field guides the ion beam to the extraction channel while limiting vertical amplitude growth.
A vacuum racetrack ion beam aggregates pulsed current to deliver compact LF transmission with higher bandwidth and faster data transfer.
An RF coaxial cavity and conductive protuberance generate cyclotron plasma without cathode sputtering, extending source life and improving H- ion output.