Accelerator Electromagnet With Shaped Yoke Hole for Orbit Alignment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Cyclotrons typically extract charged particles with monochrome energy, leading to reduced beam use efficiency, and transport electromagnets need to be large to accommodate varying particle energies, causing interference and energy loss.
Innovation Solution
An electromagnet with a return yoke and adjustable magnetic field distribution, featuring a return yoke hole with varying shapes to align low-energy and high-energy particle orbits, reducing the gap between them.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a transport electromagnet is made large enough to accommodate varying particle energies, then all charged particles can pass through the magnetic field space, but the transport electromagnet becomes bulky and interferes with the main electromagnet
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating non-uniform magnetic field strength distribution within the transport electromagnet. The magnetic field strength is made stronger near the extraction orbit and weaker toward the center, allowing the electromagnet to effectively handle varying particle energies without requiring a uniformly large structure throughout its entire volume.
2Loss of energy
If the transport electromagnet is disposed close to the main electromagnet to minimize energy loss, then charged particles suffer less energy loss, but the transport electromagnet must be made smaller which conflicts with the need to accommodate varying energies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves this contradiction by implementing local quality through a non-uniform magnetic field distribution. The field is concentrated where needed (near the extraction orbit) to maintain compact dimensions for minimal energy loss, while still providing sufficient field strength range to accommodate varying particle energies through localized field optimization rather than requiring overall larger dimensions.
3Device complexity
If a cyclotron extracts charged particles with monochrome energy, then the extraction process is simplified, but beam use efficiency drops due to the need for degrader devices
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the magnetic field strength adjustable and non-uniform. The magnetic field can be dynamically optimized for different particle energies, allowing the cyclotron to extract particles with variable energies without requiring complex degrader devices. This dynamic field adjustment maintains extraction process simplicity while significantly improving beam use efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements parameter changes by varying the magnetic field strength parameter within the transport electromagnet. By changing the magnetic field strength to match different particle energy levels, the system can efficiently transport particles across a range of energies without requiring physical degradation devices, thus improving beam use efficiency while maintaining relatively simple extraction processes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution minimizes the gap between high-energy and low-energy particle orbits, optimizing transport electromagnet size and efficiency, and preventing interference.
Implementation Method 1
an electromagnet for an accelerator that generates charged particle beams carrying different energies
Implementation Method 2
the orbit radius of high-energy charged particles and that of low-energy charged particles are different in a fixed magnetic field
Data Source
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AI summary
An electromagnet for accelerators includes a return yoke 42, and a pair of magnetic poles 41 fixed to the return yoke 42. The return yoke 42 has a return yoke hole 43 formed in an area intersecting an extraction orbit of a charged particle beam. The return yoke hole 43 is configured to give the hole 43 a different shape in accordance with an energy of the charged particle beam passing therethrough, thus adjusting a magnetic field distribution inside the return yoke hole 43. As a result, an electromagnet for accelerators, an accelerator including the electromagnet, and a particle beam therapy system that can reduce a gap between an orbit of high-energy charged particles and an orbit of low-energy charged particles to make the gap smaller than a gap in a conventional case.