Insulated Floating Anode Regions in PiN Diodes

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Solution Overview

Problem

PiN diodes in switching power supplies face sub-optimal reverse recovery performance, limiting maximum switching frequency due to inefficient charge carrier removal, and existing modifications often increase leakage currents or threshold voltage.

Innovation Solution

The diode structure incorporates electrically insulated floating anode wells between contacted anode wells, allowing increased hole injection into the intrinsic region, enhancing forward current intensity and reverse recovery performance without increasing leakage currents or threshold voltage.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If recombination centers are introduced to increase charge carrier removal speed, then reverse recovery performance is improved, but leakage currents increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecharge carrier removal speedVSAvoidleakage currents
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The anode is segmented into multiple anode regions (first anode region and second anode region) that are spatially separated and independently controlled. The first anode region is electrically connected to the anode electrode while the second anode region is electrically isolated, creating distinct functional zones that manage charge carrier removal and leakage current suppression separately

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the anode are given different electrical properties: the first anode region has conductive properties for charge carrier removal, while the second anode region has insulating properties to suppress leakage currents. This local differentiation allows each region to optimize its specific function without compromising the other

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Speed

If cathode structure is modified to improve reverse recovery, then charge carrier removal is enhanced, but peak reverse current intensity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereverse recovery speedVSAvoidpeak reverse current intensity
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The anode is divided into multiple regions with different electrical connection states, allowing gradual and distributed charge carrier removal rather than simultaneous extraction, which smooths the reverse current profile and reduces peak intensity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The second anode region acts as an intermediary structure that provides a controlled path for charge carrier removal while maintaining electrical isolation from the main anode electrode, thereby managing reverse recovery without generating high peak currents

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Speed

If anode structure is modified to improve reverse recovery, then charge carrier removal is enhanced, but threshold voltage increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereverse recovery speedVSAvoidthreshold voltage
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The electrical isolation of the second anode region creates localized electric field distribution that enhances charge carrier removal efficiency without requiring a uniform increase in threshold voltage across the entire device, thus maintaining low threshold voltage while improving reverse recovery

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration improves the efficiency and maximum switching frequency of PiN diodes, particularly in switching mode power supplies, by increasing hole concentration and uniformity of the electric field, while maintaining low leakage currents and threshold voltage.

Implementation Method 1

charge carriers are injected from said at least one floating anode region into the intrinsic region in response to the applying of a control voltage between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode exceeding a threshold voltage of the diode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCharge carrier injection:

Data Source

PatentEP2924734B1Diode with insulated anode regions
Publication Date: 2018.11.28 STMICROELECTRONICS SRL
  • EP2924734B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2924734B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2924734B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A diode (100; 200) is proposed. The diode is integrated on a chip (105) of semiconductor material having an anode surface (105a) and a cathode surface (105c) opposite to each other. The diode comprises at least one cathode region (120) having a doping of a first type, the cathode region extending from the cathode surface in the chip. Furthermore, the diode comprises an intrinsic region (130) having a doping of the first type with a dopant concentration lower than a dopant concentration of the cathode region, the intrinsic region extending between the anode surface and the cathode region. In addition, the diode comprises a plurality of anode regions (135c, 135f) having a doping of a second type, each anode region extending from the anode surface in the intrinsic region. The diode further comprises a cathode electrode (110) of electrically conductive material electrically coupled with said at least one cathode region on the cathode surface, and an anode electrode (115) of electrically conducting material. In the solution according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more contacted anode regions (135c) of said anode regions are electrically coupled with the anode electrode on the anode surface, and one or more floating anode regions (135f) of said anode regions are electrically insulated from the anode electrode. The diode is configured so that charge carriers are injected from said at least one floating anode region into the intrinsic region in response to the applying of a control voltage between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode exceeding a threshold voltage of the diode.