Interference Pattern Imaging for Reducing Photo-toxicity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current bio-imaging technologies face limitations in imaging speed, susceptibility to image distortions, and complexity, particularly when dealing with complex samples like organ-on-a-chip systems and larger specimens, which require improved throughput and reduced photo-toxicity and optical aberrations.
Innovation Solution
An imaging apparatus utilizing spatially oscillating interference patterns created by repositioning and phase-shifting electromagnetic radiation beams to enhance imaging speed and quality, allowing for the use of various types of electromagnetic radiation and reducing the complexity and cost of the system.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If traditional microscale bio-imaging tools are used to image complex organ-on-a-chip systems, then the imaging process can be performed, but the imaging speed is limited and photo-toxicity occurs during long-term imaging
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic modulation of the illumination beam at the object plane, creating time-varying interference patterns that enable rapid image acquisition. This periodic action allows the system to capture multiple images per second without requiring continuous high-intensity light exposure, thereby increasing imaging speed while reducing photo-toxicity effects on biological samples.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a method that skips traditional sequential scanning by projecting multiple interference patterns simultaneously across the sample. This rushing through of the imaging process enables parallel acquisition of multiple image regions at once, dramatically increasing throughput while minimizing the total light dose required, thus reducing photo-toxicity.
2Measurement precision
If traditional imaging methods are used for complex samples, then imaging can be performed, but sample-induced optical aberrations blur the image
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary modulation mechanism that converts the interaction between light and the complex sample into measurable signal variations. By modulating the illumination and detecting the resulting interference patterns, the system creates an intermediary measurement process that can reconstruct high-resolution images despite the presence of optical aberrations caused by the complex sample structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical scanning and focusing mechanisms with an optical modulation and interference-based system. This substitution eliminates the need for complex mechanical adjustments to compensate for optical aberrations, as the interference pattern method inherently captures the sample's optical characteristics, allowing for precise imaging even through aberrant paths.
3Adaptability or versatility
If fluorescence imaging is used exclusively for imaging complex samples, then specific structures can be labeled, but accidental discoveries are prevented and the system becomes more complex and costly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a universal imaging method based on light interference patterns that can detect various types of samples and structures without requiring sample-specific fluorescent labels. This multi-functional approach allows the same interference pattern system to image fluorescent, non-fluorescent, living, and fixed samples, greatly enhancing versatility while avoiding the complexity and cost of specialized fluorescent imaging systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes in the illumination light (modulation frequency, phase, amplitude) to adapt the imaging system to different sample types. By varying these parameters, the same basic interference pattern system can optimize its detection for different wavelengths, sample thicknesses, and structural characteristics, eliminating the need for multiple specialized systems and reducing overall complexity.
4Quantity of substance
If existing medical imaging systems are used for large samples, then imaging can be performed, but the systems are very costly and complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the imaging process into discrete interference pattern projections and detections, allowing for modular implementation. This segmentation enables the system to handle large samples by acquiring multiple patterned images that can be computationally reconstructed, avoiding the need for expensive, monolithic medical imaging systems while maintaining the capability to image large specimens.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus achieves faster imaging with improved quality and reduced distortions, enabling efficient imaging of biological and non-biological samples, including complex structures and larger specimens, while being cost-effective and simpler than existing systems.
Implementation Method 1
beams-managing elements configured to guide the two electromagnetic radiation beams and to direct them onto the sample; the beams-managing elements being arranged such that the two electromagnetic (EM) radiation beams create a spatially oscillating interference pattern at the sample
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure relates to an apparatus for obtaining an image of a sample, the apparatus comprising a first and a second electromagnetic radiation beam, beams-managing elements for phase-modulating, guiding and directing the two beams onto the sample, and at least one detector. The beams-managing elements are arranged such that the two beams create a plurality of spatially oscillating interference patterns and project them onto the sample. Each of the plurality of spatially oscillating interference patterns results in a corresponding output signal detected by the detector. Finally, the image based on the plurality of the output signals is generated. The disclosure further relates to methods for generating an image of a sample.