Inverted Doherty Amplifier Topology for Broadband RF Bandwidth

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional Doherty amplifiers face bandwidth limitations due to the long electrical path length introduced by impedance-matching components, which restrict their RF fractional bandwidth, making them unsuitable for future broadband RF communication systems.

Innovation Solution

The design of an inverted Doherty amplifier configuration, where an impedance inverter is placed between the combining node and the peaking amplifier, and optimized impedance-matching components and impedance values are used to enhance bandwidth, allowing for a 90° phase delay at the coupler and odd multiple phase shifts in the impedance inverter, resulting in significantly larger RF fractional bandwidths.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Length of moving object

If conventional impedance-matching components are used in Doherty amplifier, then power transfer is achieved, but RF fractional bandwidth is limited to below 4%

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical path lengthVSAvoidRF fractional bandwidth
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the conventional Doherty amplifier topology by placing the impedance inverter between the combining node and the peaking amplifier output, rather than between the main amplifier output and the combining node. This inversion reconfigures the signal flow and impedance transformation paths, enabling broader bandwidth operation by equalizing the electrical path lengths experienced by signals from both amplifiers across a wider frequency range.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the impedance parameters and phase delay characteristics of the inverter and coupling components. Specifically, it uses an inverter with odd multiple phase shifts (90°, 270°, etc.) and optimizes impedance values to achieve broadband matching. This parameter optimization allows the amplifier to maintain proper impedance transformation and phase relationships across frequencies exceeding 20% fractional bandwidth.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Power

If long electrical path length is introduced by impedance-matching components, then power amplification is achieved, but RF fractional bandwidth is restricted

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower amplificationVSAvoidRF fractional bandwidth
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

By inverting the topology and repositioning the impedance inverter, the patent achieves power amplification through an alternative signal path configuration that maintains proper phase and impedance relationships without requiring long electrical paths, thereby enabling broadband operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The inverted configuration creates an asymmetric arrangement of components that balances the electrical path lengths in a different manner than conventional symmetric Doherty amplifiers. This asymmetric topology allows both amplifiers to contribute effectively across a broader frequency range while maintaining power amplification capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

3Device complexity

If conventional Doherty amplifier configuration is used, then circuit simplicity is maintained, but bandwidth exceeds 20% cannot be achieved

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecircuit configurationVSAvoidRF fractional bandwidth
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The inverted configuration maintains relatively simple circuit topology by using the same basic components (amplifiers, coupler, inverter, impedance-matching components) but rearranging their connections. This topological inversion achieves broadband performance without significantly increasing circuit complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Data Source

PatentEP3616318B1Inverted doherty power amplifier with large RF fractional and instantaneous bandwidths
Publication Date: 2023.11.22 MACOM TECH SOLUTIONS HLDG INC
  • EP3616318B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3616318B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3616318B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

Apparatus and methods for an inverted Doherty amplifier operating at gigahertz frequencies are described. RF fractional bandwidth and signal bandwidth may be increased over a conventional Doherty amplifier configuration when impedance- matching components and an impedance inverter in an output network of the inverted Doherty amplifier are designed based on characteristics of the main and peaking amplifier and asymmetry factor of the amplifier.