Liquid Jet Impingement Cooler With Three-Path Phase Separation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing liquid jet impingement coolers face challenges in efficiently managing low surface tension fluids, leading to pressure fluctuations and flow instabilities due to the mixing of liquid and vapor phases, which affect heat transfer efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A liquid jet impingement cooler with a three-path manifold and wick structure that separates liquid and vapor phases using pressure balancing and strategic patterning, allowing controlled flow through porous projections and channels, ensuring stable operation even under two-phase conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If a liquid jet impingement cooler is used to dissipate heat from electronic devices, then heat transfer efficiency is improved, but pressure fluctuations and flow instabilities occur due to mixing of liquid and vapor phases
Solution Approach 1:
The outlet manifold is segmented into separate liquid outlet channels and vapor outlet channels, physically dividing the two-phase flow paths. This segmentation prevents mixing of liquid and vapor phases at the outlet, eliminating pressure fluctuations while maintaining the high heat transfer efficiency of liquid jet impingement cooling.
Solution Approach 2:
The manifold structure acts as an intermediary device between the impingement chamber and the external cooling system. It mediates the two-phase flow by providing separate pathways for liquid and vapor, allowing each phase to be managed independently and stabilizing the overall flow conditions.
2Power
If liquid and vapor phases are mixed in the cooling system, then heat dissipation capacity is increased, but pressure fluctuations occur affecting system stability
Solution Approach 1:
The outlet manifold segments the two-phase flow into distinct liquid and vapor channels. This allows the system to maintain high heat dissipation capacity from the mixed two-phase cooling process while preventing pressure fluctuations by separating the phases before they exit the system.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the outlet manifold are designed with different functions: liquid outlet channels are optimized for liquid flow while vapor outlet channels are optimized for vapor flow. This local differentiation allows each channel to handle its respective phase efficiently, maintaining system power while stabilizing pressure.
3Device complexity
If a simple single-path outlet manifold is used, then device complexity is reduced, but liquid and vapor phases mix causing flow instabilities
Solution Approach 1:
The manifold is segmented into separate liquid and vapor outlet paths, achieving phase separation stability through a relatively simple segmented structure rather than complex separation mechanisms. This maintains ease of manufacture while preventing flow instabilities.
Solution Approach 2:
The manifold uses spatial arrangement in multiple dimensions to separate liquid and vapor flows. By utilizing different outlet directions and channel positions, the design achieves effective phase separation without requiring complex internal separation mechanisms, keeping the overall device complexity low.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves stable heat transfer and efficient phase separation, maintaining system pressure drop below 40 kPa even at high heat flux conditions, enhancing thermal management capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
a wick structure formed of a porous material... controlled flow through porous projections and channels
Implementation Method 2
The liquid coolant absorbs heat from the IC, which causes it to evaporate/boil and decrease the surface temperature of the IC
Implementation Method 3
This direct contact enhances heat transfer efficiency by effectively removing heat from the IC
Implementation Method 4
separates liquid and vapor phases using pressure balancing and strategic patterning
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid jet impingement cooler includes a wick structure formed of a porous material and a manifold. The manifold includes a plurality of inlet nozzles fluidly connecting a liquid inlet to the wick structure, a plurality of outlet nozzles fluidly connecting the wick structure to a liquid outlet, and a vapor outlet fluidly connected to the porous material of the wick structure.