Lactate Biosensor Using Binding Protein for Rapid Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current lactate sensors suffer from long response times, short stability, and poor reproducibility, limiting their effectiveness in detecting lactate concentrations accurately and reliably across various applications.
Innovation Solution
Development of a biosensor using a reporter group attached to a lactate-binding protein that undergoes a signal change upon lactate binding, allowing for rapid, reliable, and accurate lactate detection without the need for additional substrates or enzymatic activity, with enhanced durability and applicability in clinical, food, and environmental settings.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If enzyme-based biosensors (lactate dehydrogenase, lactate oxidase, etc.) are used, then lactate detection capability is achieved, but response time is long and stability is short
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the enzymatic component from the biosensor system and replaces it with a direct binding protein-based detection mechanism. The lactate-binding protein directly binds lactate without requiring enzymatic catalysis, thereby eliminating the slow enzymatic reaction step and achieving rapid response time while maintaining stability through the use of stable protein structures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent substitutes the biochemical enzymatic mechanism with a direct protein-ligand binding mechanism. Instead of using enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions, the invention uses lactate-binding proteins that directly bind lactate molecules, triggering conformational changes that can be detected optically or electrochemically without requiring substrate consumption or product generation.
2Reliability
If enzyme-based biosensors are used, then lactate detection is possible, but reproducibility is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental detection parameter from enzymatic reaction rates (which vary between preparations and over time) to direct binding affinity and conformational changes (which are more consistent and reproducible). The lactate-binding protein exhibits consistent binding characteristics that can be reliably reproduced across different sensor preparations, improving both reproducibility and measurement precision.
3Ease of manufacture
If additional substrates are required for signal development, then enzymatic activity can be maintained, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a self-service detection system where the lactate-binding protein itself serves as both the recognition element and the signaling mechanism. The protein undergoes conformational changes upon lactate binding that directly trigger signal generation without requiring external substrates, cofactors, or additional reagents. This eliminates the need for complex substrate delivery systems and reduces both device complexity and manufacturing costs.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The biosensor provides rapid and accurate lactate detection, maintaining functionality over extended periods and in diverse conditions, enabling continuous monitoring and reducing costs through simplified manufacturing and distribution processes.
Implementation Method 1
The lactate-binding protein includes a domain or region(s) that binds the lactate. The domain or region involved in ligand binding is comprised of a plurality of residues, e.g., non-contiguous amino acids of the ligand-binding protein, which are contact points or sites of contact between the ligand and its cognate ligand-binding protein.
Implementation Method 2
The binding of a lactate to the lactate-binding domain of the lactate-binding protein causes a change in signaling by the reporter group. A reporter group that transduces a detectable signal may be attached to the lactate-binding proteins (biosensors) described herein.
Implementation Method 3
detectable signal comprises a fluorescent, electrochemical, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), or electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal
Implementation Method 4
detectable signal comprises a fluorescent, electrochemical, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), or electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal
Data Source
Figure 1A~1D
Figure 2A~2D
Figure 3A~3B
AI summary
The preseni subject matter provides lactate biosensors as well as compositions, devices, and methods comprising such biosensors.