Fermented Plant-Based Dairy Analogues with Lactococcus

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Solution Overview

Problem

Formulating plant-based dairy analogues that mimic the sensory characteristics of dairy products is challenging, particularly in incorporating probiotic species like Lactococcus, which can introduce undesirable flavors or off-notes due to by-products such as diacetyl and acetoin during fermentation.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating Lactococcus, optionally with fructose-positive S. thermophilus, into the fermentation process of plant-based compositions to enhance dairy-like taste characteristics and maintain these improvements over shelf-life, while controlling the ratio of lactic to acetic acid and optimizing fermentation conditions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If probiotic species like Lactococcus are incorporated into fermented plant-based products, then health benefits and probiotic functionality are improved, but undesirable flavors or off-notes are introduced due to by-products such as diacetyl and acetoin

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprobiotic functionalityVSAvoidundesirable flavors
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the fermentation parameters by controlling temperature (30-37°C), pH (4.0-4.6), and fermentation time to optimize the balance between probiotic viability and flavor profile. By adjusting these parameters, the patent achieves adequate probiotic functionality while minimizing the production of undesirable by-products like diacetyl and acetoin that cause off-flavors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses composite fermentation cultures combining multiple bacterial strains (Lactococcus, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lactobacillus species) to achieve synergistic effects. This composite approach allows the system to maintain probiotic functionality while distributing the metabolic burden, thereby reducing the accumulation of harmful by-products compared to using单一 strains.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Adaptability or versatility

If plant-based dairy analogues are formulated to mimic dairy sensory characteristics, then consumer acceptance is improved, but the formulation complexity and difficulty of achieving authentic taste increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensory equivalenceVSAvoidformulation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs natural fermentation processes where selected bacterial strains automatically produce dairy-like flavor compounds (diacetyl, acetoin, lactic acid) as metabolic by-products. This self-service approach eliminates the need for artificial flavor additives, allowing the system to achieve authentic dairy sensory characteristics through the bacteria's natural metabolism alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes fermentation parameters including temperature (30-37°C), pH (4.0-4.6), and incubation time to maximize the production of dairy-like flavor compounds. By carefully controlling these parameters, the system achieves authentic buttery and tangy notes characteristic of dairy products without requiring complex formulation adjustments.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Object-generated harmful factors

If fermentation conditions are optimized to enhance dairy-like taste characteristics, then sensory attributes are improved, but control over by-product formation and acid ratio becomes more challenging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedairy-like tasteVSAvoidfermentation control
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements monitoring and control of pH levels (maintaining 4.0-4.6) and fermentation progression to regulate by-product formation. By using pH as a feedback parameter, the system can adjust fermentation conditions in real-time to optimize dairy-like taste characteristics while preventing excessive accumulation of diacetyl, acetoin, and other off-flavor compounds.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses mixed bacterial cultures including Lactococcus, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lactobacillus species that work synergistically to produce a balanced profile of lactic acid, diacetyl, and acetoin. This composite culture approach naturally regulates by-product formation through inter-strain interactions, making fermentation control more predictable and easier to manage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The use of Lactococcus and S. thermophilus improves the dairy-like sensory attributes of plant-based products, reducing acetic acid production, maintaining lactic acid levels, and ensuring the survival of Lactococcus strains during storage, resulting in a product with a more desirable taste profile closer to dairy equivalents.

Implementation Method 1

Heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria are able to produce diacetyl and acetoin as by-products alongside lactic acid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLactic acid fermentation: Fermentation

Implementation Method 2

Diacetyl is produced industrially by dehydrogenation of 2,3-butanediol

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDehydrogenation: Oxidation

Data Source

PatentUS20220394988A1Fermented compositions and processes of preparing the same
Publication Date: 2022.12.15 COMPAGNIE GERVAIS DANONE SA

AI summary

The present invention relates to fermented plant-based compositions and methods of making the same.