Laminated Spin-Orbit Torque Wiring for Low-Current Magnetization Reversal

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current spin-orbit torque wiring materials for magnetoresistance effect elements face challenges in achieving low resistance while effectively producing both spin Hall and interface Rashba effects, leading to high power consumption and difficulties in lattice matching with ferromagnetic metal layers.

Innovation Solution

A spin current magnetization rotational element is designed with a laminated structure of a spin conduction layer and a spin generation layer, where the ratio of their film thicknesses is optimized to match their resistivities, and materials with specific cubic crystal structures are used to enhance the spin Hall effect and interface Rashba effect, reducing power consumption and lattice mismatch.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If heavy metal materials such as Ta are used as spin-orbit torque wiring to generate spin Hall effect, then magnetization reversal can be achieved, but electrical resistivity is high leading to high power consumption

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidspin Hall effect efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a composite spin-orbit torque wiring structure consisting of a Cu layer (low resistivity) and a Ta layer (high spin Hall effect) laminated together. The Cu layer provides low electrical resistance to reduce power consumption, while the Ta layer generates the necessary spin Hall effect for magnetization reversal. This composite structure resolves the contradiction by combining materials with complementary properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies different material properties to different layers of the spin-orbit torque wiring. The Cu layer is optimized for electrical conduction (low resistivity) while the Ta layer is optimized for spin Hall effect generation. By assigning specific functional qualities to specific locations (layers), the system achieves both low power consumption and effective magnetization reversal.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Use of energy by moving object

If spin-orbit torque wiring is made thinner to reduce resistance, then power consumption decreases, but lattice matching with ferromagnetic metal layer becomes difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidlattice matching
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The composite Cu-Ta structure allows optimization of each layer's thickness independently. The Ta layer can be kept thin enough to maintain lattice matching with the ferromagnetic metal layer, while the Cu layer provides the necessary electrical conduction path. This composite approach enables thin overall structure for low power consumption without compromising lattice matching.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Reliability

If both spin Hall effect and interface Rashba effect are utilized to reduce reversal current density, then magnetization reversal efficiency improves, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemagnetization reversal efficiencyVSAvoidwiring structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The Cu-Ta composite wiring structure naturally provides both spin Hall effect (from Ta) and interface Rashba effect (at the Cu-Ta interface and Cu-ferromagnetic interface). This single composite structure achieves dual effects without requiring separate wiring structures, thus improving magnetization reversal efficiency while limiting the increase in device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration effectively produces both spin Hall and interface Rashba effects, reducing power consumption and achieving a low-resistance spin-orbit torque wiring with improved lattice matching, enabling efficient magnetization reversal with lower current densities.

Implementation Method 1

A magnetization reversal method in which a pure spin current generated by a spin Hall effect is utilized as a means for reducing the reversal current in a mechanism that is different from an STT

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSpin Hall effect: Hall Effect

Implementation Method 2

it is required to effectively produce both the spin Hall effect and an interface Rashba effect that occurs at an interface between different materials

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInterface Rashba effect:

Data Source

PatentEP3608971B1Spin-current magnetization reversal element, magnetoresistive element, and magnetic memory
Publication Date: 2023.08.23 TDK CORP
  • EP3608971B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~2
  • EP3608971B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B
  • EP3608971B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

This spin current magnetization rotational element includes a first ferromagnetic metal layer for a magnetization direction to be changed, and a spin-orbit torque wiring extending in a second direction intersecting a first direction which is an orthogonal direction to a surface of the first ferromagnetic metal layer and configured to be joined to the first ferromagnetic metal layer, wherein the spin-orbit torque wiring has a structure in which a spin conduction layer joined to the first ferromagnetic metal layer and a spin generation layer joined to the spin conduction layer on a surface on a side opposite to the first ferromagnetic metal layer are laminated.