LCO2 Carrier Ship Offloading via Slip Stream Vaporization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) systems face challenges in preventing cross-contamination of CO2 between ships due to impurities in the vapor phase of onshore storage tanks, which can disrupt the CCS chain and require energy-intensive solutions for pressure maintenance.
Innovation Solution
A system that utilizes a slip stream of CO2 from an LCO2 carrier ship to reliquefy boil-off gas from an intermediate storage tank, using heat exchangers for efficient cooling and vaporization, thereby avoiding cross-contamination and maintaining pressure without introducing impurities back to the ship.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stress or pressure
If vapour from the onshore intermediate storage tank is returned to the carrier ship for pressure maintenance, then pressure control is improved, but cross-contamination of CO2 cargo occurs due to impurities in the vapour phase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts only the necessary function (pressure maintenance) from the vapour return process by using a separate vapour generation system on the carrier ship, while excluding the harmful vapour phase containing impurities from the onshore storage tank. This resolves the contradiction by achieving pressure control without cross-contamination.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces an intermediary approach by generating vapour on the carrier ship itself through a controlled process, rather than directly returning vapour from the onshore tank. This intermediary vapour generation system acts as a mediator that provides pressure maintenance functionality while avoiding the contamination source.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If a separate vapour generation system is implemented on the carrier ship, then cross-contamination is avoided, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The LCO2 cargo tank on the carrier ship serves multiple functions: it acts as both the cargo storage tank and the vapour generation source for pressure maintenance. This multi-functionality reduces overall system complexity by eliminating the need for separate vapour generation equipment while avoiding cross-contamination.
Solution Approach 2:
The carrier ship's own LCO2 cargo tank provides the vapour needed for pressure maintenance through controlled vaporization processes. This self-service approach eliminates dependence on the onshore storage tank's vapour phase, avoiding cross-contamination while reducing system complexity by using existing resources.
3Stress or pressure
If VCO2 is loaded into the carrier's cargo tank during unloading, then pressure and temperature control is improved, but the risk of introducing impurities increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention applies local quality control by maintaining different thermal conditions in different parts of the cargo tank system. The vapour phase is kept separate from the liquid cargo phase, allowing pressure and temperature control in the vapour space without introducing impurities into the liquid cargo.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention segments the cargo tank system into separate vapour and liquid phases with distinct handling pathways. The vapour phase用于压力控制，而液相 Cargo 保持纯净，通过分段处理实现了压力控制与防止污染的同时实现。
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively prevents cross-contamination, maintains pressure in both ship and terminal tanks, and reduces energy requirements by integrating heat exchange for reliquefaction, ensuring efficient and clean vapor return to the ship.
Implementation Method 1
the vaporisation is used to providing cooling for complete or partial reliquefaction of a boil-off gas stream
Implementation Method 2
a first heat exchanger B connected to the partly vaporised stream conduit 3 and to the boil-off gas conduit 11, respectively, said heat exchanger being configured to receiving the at least partly vaporised stream of LCO2 having the second lower temperature T2, to receiving the boil-off gas withdrawn from the boil-off gas outlet 60, to transferring heat from the boil-off gas to the at least partly vaporised stream of LCO2
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
A system 50 for offloading LCO2 from an LCO2 carrier ship 30 to an intermediate LCO2 storage tank 40 at an LCOz receiving terminal 100 connected to a long term LCO2 storage facility 120 is disclosed, which system avoids cross-contamination from cargo of one ship to another, wherein a slip stream of LCO2 withdrawn from a main stream of LCO2 being of-floaded to the terminal 100 is vaporised and returned to the LCO2 carrier ship 30, and the vaporisation is used to providing cooling for complete or partial reliquefaction of a boil-off gas stream withdrawn from the intermediate LCO2 storage tank 40, and wherein a resulting reliquefied fraction is returned to the intermediate LCO2 storage tank 40. A corresponding method is also disclosed.