Light Shielding Pixel Layout for Concurrent PDAF and One-Shot HDR
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing image sensing devices struggle to concurrently perform phase-difference detection autofocus (PDAF) and one-shot high dynamic range (HDR) imaging effectively.
Innovation Solution
The image sensing device incorporates a pixel array with phase difference detection pixel groups, each comprising a light shielding pattern and light receiving regions, allowing for simultaneous PDAF and one-shot HDR imaging in horizontal, vertical, and diagonal directions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a conventional pixel array structure is used, then the device can perform basic image sensing, but it cannot concurrently perform phase-difference detection autofocus and one-shot high dynamic range imaging
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel array is designed so that each pixel can serve multiple functions: participating in phase-difference detection for autofocus, contributing to high dynamic range imaging, and maintaining standard image sensing capabilities. This is achieved through the dual light receiving regions (first and second light receiving regions) within each pixel, allowing simultaneous operation of PDAF and HDR functions without requiring separate dedicated pixel groups for each function.
Solution Approach 2:
Each pixel is divided into multiple light receiving regions (first light receiving region and second light receiving region) with different characteristics. The first light receiving region is optimized for one-shot HDR imaging while the second is optimized for phase-difference detection. This segmentation allows each region to specialize in specific functions while working together within the same pixel structure.
2Measurement precision
If separate pixel groups are used for PDAF and HDR imaging, then each function can be optimized independently, but the device size and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the previously separate PDAF pixel groups and HDR pixel groups into a unified pixel array structure. Each pixel now contains both first and second light receiving regions that simultaneously support phase-difference detection and HDR imaging functions. This consolidation reduces the overall area required while maintaining the measurement precision of both functions through optimized light receiving region designs.
3Illumination intensity
If the light receiving regions are made larger to capture more light for HDR imaging, then HDR performance improves, but the phase difference detection capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
Different regions within each pixel are assigned different qualities and optimizations: the first light receiving region is designed with characteristics optimized for HDR imaging (larger area or different spectral response for capturing a wide dynamic range), while the second light receiving region is optimized for phase-difference detection (different geometric arrangement or sensitivity characteristics). This local differentiation allows each region to excel at its specific function without compromising the other.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables the image sensing device to perform PDAF and one-shot HDR imaging concurrently, enhancing autofocus accuracy and image quality by capturing a wide dynamic range in a single shot.
Implementation Method 1
a light shielding pattern structured to provide each of the two or more phase difference detection pixels with a light receiving region along two contiguous sides of each of the two or more phase difference detection pixels
Implementation Method 2
each phase difference detection pixel group including first to ninth phase difference detection pixels arranged in a 3×3 matrix and including photoelectric conversion elements, respectively
Data Source
AI summary
Image sensing devices are disclosed. In some implementations, an image sensing device includes a substrate, and a pixel array including one or more phase difference detection pixel groups supported by the substrate and structured to respond to incident light, each phase difference detection pixel group including two or more phase difference detection pixels structured to detect a phase difference of the incident light, wherein the phase difference detection pixel group comprises a light shielding pattern structured to provide each of the two or more phase difference detection pixels with a light receiving region along two contiguous sides of each of the two or more phase difference detection pixels.