LiNiMnCo Oxide Cathode for Cyanide-Free Aqueous K-Ion Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Cyanogen-based compounds used as positive electrode active materials in potassium ion secondary batteries can generate cyanide during malfunctions and have inadequate energy density due to their large molecular structure.
Innovation Solution
A positive electrode active material represented by the formula LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2, where 0≤x<1 and 0≤y<1, is used in an aqueous potassium ion battery with an aqueous electrolyte solution containing potassium pyrophosphate, maintaining a pH of 7.0 to 13.0 and a concentration of 2.0 mol/kg or greater, which enables effective charge-discharge cycles.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If cyanogen-based compounds (Prussian blue) are used as positive electrode active material, then the battery can function as a potassium ion secondary battery, but the material generates cyanide during malfunction and has inadequate energy density due to large molecular structure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the positive electrode active material by using LiNixMnymCo1-x-yO2 with specific compositional ranges (0≤x<1, 0≤y<1, 0<x+y≤0.7) instead of cyanogen-based compounds. This parameter change eliminates cyanide generation while optimizing energy density through controlled metal ion ratios.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite oxide material LiNixMnymCo1-x-yO2 that combines multiple metal elements (Li, Ni, Mn, Co, O) in specific proportions. This composite structure provides both safety (no cyanide generation) and improved energy density compared to single-component cyanogen-based materials.
2Productivity
If cyanogen-based compounds are used as positive electrode active material, then the battery can operate, but the large molecular structure results in inadequate energy density
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the molecular structure by changing compositional parameters to LiNixMnymCo1-x-yO2 with controlled x and y values. This parameter optimization reduces molecular structure size while maintaining or improving energy density, eliminating the trade-off present in cyanogen-based materials.
3Reliability
If conventional positive electrode materials are replaced with LiNixMnymCo1-x-yO2, then safety and energy density are improved, but new material synthesis and battery system integration are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent defines specific compositional parameter ranges (0≤x<1, 0≤y<1, 0<x+y≤0.7) that guide material synthesis, making the manufacturing process more controllable and reproducible. These parameter specifications facilitate easier manufacture compared to developing entirely new materials.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution provides a novel positive electrode active material for aqueous potassium ion batteries, allowing for efficient charge-discharge operations while avoiding cyanide generation and improving energy density.
Implementation Method 1
an aqueous electrolyte solution containing an aqueous solvent and potassium pyrophosphate dissolved in the aqueous solvent
Implementation Method 2
A positive electrode active material for an aqueous potassium ion battery which is represented by the general formula LiNixMnymCo1-x-yO2
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure provides a novel positive electrode active material for an aqueous potassium ion battery, and a novel potassium ion secondary battery. The positive electrode active material for an aqueous potassium ion battery is represented by the general formula LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2, where 0≤x<1, 0≤y<1 and x+y<1. The aqueous potassium ion secondary battery of the disclosure comprises a positive electrode active material which is represented by general formula LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2, where 0≤x<1, 0≤y<1 and x+y<1. The aqueous potassium ion secondary battery of the disclosure comprises an aqueous electrolyte solution, wherein the pH of the aqueous electrolyte solution is 4.0 to 13.0, and the aqueous electrolyte solution contains an aqueous solvent and potassium pyrophosphate dissolved in the aqueous solvent.