Liquid-Cooled Plate with Single- and Two-Phase Heat Dissipation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing air cooling and single-phase liquid cooling methods struggle to effectively manage high heat flow densities in electronic devices, leading to non-uniform temperature distribution, increased thermal resistance, and potential overheating due to subcooling issues and limited convection heat exchange areas.
Innovation Solution
A liquid-cooled plate with integrated single-phase and two-phase channels, featuring fins and optionally metal foam, enhances heat exchange by converting liquid-state coolant to gas-liquid two-phase coolant, reducing thermal resistance and improving temperature uniformity through machined surfaces and structured channels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If two-phase fluid circuit is used for heat dissipation, then heat transfer capacity is improved, but subcooling problem reduces temperature uniformity
Solution Approach 1:
The cold plate is divided into multiple independent channels, each functioning as a separate heat dissipation unit. This segmentation allows each channel to independently manage its thermal characteristics, preventing the subcooling effect in one channel from adversely affecting temperature uniformity across the entire system while maintaining high heat transfer capacity through two-phase flow in each channel.
2Power
If two-phase system is used, then heat exchange efficiency is improved, but high pressure limits flow channel structure optimization
Solution Approach 1:
Different regions of the cold plate are designed with locally optimized channel structures tailored to specific heat dissipation requirements. High heat flux areas receive enhanced cooling configurations while lower heat flux areas use simpler channel designs, allowing structure optimization without being constrained by the high pressure of the two-phase system.
3Device complexity
If single-phase liquid cooling is used, then system simplicity is maintained, but heat dissipation capability is insufficient for high heat flow density
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from single-phase liquid cooling to two-phase flow cooling by changing the thermodynamic state parameter of the coolant. This parameter change enables dramatically improved heat dissipation capability through phase change heat transfer, while the modular channel design maintains relative system simplicity by using standardized components and configurations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves high heat transfer capacity, enhanced temperature uniformity, and reduced thermal resistance, effectively managing high heat flow densities and preventing overheating in electronic devices.
Implementation Method 1
The first fins are configured to perform a heat exchange with a liquid-state coolant flowing through the single-phase channel to convert the liquid-state coolant after the heat exchange into a gas-liquid two-phase coolant
Implementation Method 2
the second fins are configured to perform a heat exchange with a gas-liquid two-phase coolant flowing through the two-phase channel to output a coolant after the heat exchange
Implementation Method 3
The pump is configured to enable a coolant passing through the pump to flow into the liquid-cooled plate to perform heat absorption
Implementation Method 4
the condenser is configured to enable the coolant after the heat absorption to flow back into the liquid-cooled plate after heat release
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid-cooled plate and a heat dissipation device are disclosed. The liquid-cooled plate includes a single-phase channel and a two-phase channel. First fins are spaced apart in the single-phase channel and second fins are spaced apart in the two-phase channel. The first fins are configured to perform a heat exchange with a liquid-state coolant flowing through the single-phase channel to convert the liquid-state coolant after the heat exchange into a gas-liquid two-phase coolant, and the second fins are configured to perform a heat exchange with a gas-liquid two-phase coolant flowing through the two-phase channel to output a coolant after the heat exchange.