Lithium Alloy Anode Composition for Stable Primary Battery Capacity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium primary batteries experience a reduction in capacity due to deterioration of the negative electrode.
Innovation Solution
A lithium primary battery is designed with a positive electrode containing manganese dioxide or fluorinated graphite, a negative electrode made of a lithium alloy with aluminum and magnesium, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The lithium alloy has a total content of aluminum and magnesium between 0.1 and 11 mass %, ensuring they are present in a mixed state to suppress segregation and side reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a lithium primary battery uses a negative electrode with aluminum and magnesium content greater than 11 mass %, then the negative electrode stability is improved, but the battery capacity is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling the total content of aluminum and magnesium in the lithium alloy negative electrode to be 0.02-0.2 mol% (equivalent to specific mass % ranges). This quantitative parameter optimization ensures sufficient negative electrode stability to suppress deterioration while maintaining high battery capacity, resolving the contradiction between reliability and quantity of substance.
2Quantity of substance
If a lithium primary battery uses a negative electrode with aluminum and magnesium content less than 0.02 mol %, then the battery capacity is maintained, but the negative electrode deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent establishes a minimum threshold parameter (0.02-0.2 mol% aluminum and magnesium content) that must be achieved to ensure negative electrode stability. This parameter setting ensures that sufficient alloying elements are present to prevent negative electrode deterioration while maintaining acceptable battery capacity, resolving the contradiction between quantity of substance and reliability.
3Ease of manufacture
If the aluminum and magnesium content is outside the specified range, then manufacturing is simplified, but the battery experiences capacity reduction due to negative electrode deterioration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent defines specific parameter ranges (0.02-0.2 mol% aluminum and magnesium) that optimize both manufacturing feasibility and battery performance. These parameter specifications provide clear manufacturing guidelines while ensuring sufficient negative electrode stability and high battery capacity, resolving the contradiction between ease of manufacture and quantity of substance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration effectively suppresses the reduction in battery capacity by stabilizing the negative electrode, ensuring uniform Li consumption, and maintaining high capacity both initially and after long-term storage.
Implementation Method 1
The lithium alloy has a total content of aluminum and magnesium between 0.1 and 11 mass %, ensuring they are present in a mixed state to suppress segregation and side reactions
Implementation Method 2
ensuring uniform Li consumption, and maintaining high capacity both initially and after long-term storage
Data Source
AI summary
A lithium primary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode includes at least one selected from the group consisting of manganese dioxide and fluorinated graphite. The negative electrode includes a lithium alloy, and the lithium alloy includes aluminum and magnesium. The total content of the aluminum and the magnesium in the lithium alloy is 0.1 mass % or more and 11 mass % or less.