Lithium-Sulfur Battery Binder Preventing Sulfur Leaching

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Solution Overview

Problem

Lithium-sulfur secondary batteries face issues such as instability of lithium metal, low conductivity of the positive electrode, sublimation of sulfur-based materials, and leaching of sulfur-based materials during charging and discharging, which hinder their commercialization and improve capacity and life characteristics.

Innovation Solution

A binder for the positive electrode comprising an acrylic polymer with specific monomer ratios and solubility properties is used, which enhances adsorption force, stability, and inhibits sublimation, allowing for low-temperature drying and short processing times, thereby preventing sulfur leaching.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional binders (PVDF, CMC, SBR) are used, then the electrode can be manufactured with standard processes, but the sulfur-based materials leach during charging and discharging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprevention of sulfur leachingVSAvoidmanufacturing process simplicity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a composite binder system combining carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) in specific ratios (0.5:99.5 to 50:50 by weight). This composite approach leverages the water solubility and film-forming capability of CMC together with the adhesive properties of SBR, creating a binder that effectively prevents sulfur leaching while maintaining ease of manufacture through standard electrode fabrication processes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes the molecular weight parameters of the binders (CMC: 50,000-500,000 g/mol; SBR: 10,000-100,000 g/mol) and their weight ratio in the composite. By adjusting these parameters, the binder achieves optimal adhesion to sulfur particles and forms a protective matrix that prevents polysulfide leaching during battery cycling, while remaining compatible with conventional manufacturing methods

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Object-affected harmful factors

If surface treatment of sulfur with coating elements is applied, then sulfur sublimation is reduced, but active material is lost during treatment

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesulfur sublimationVSAvoidactive material loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a carbon material intermediary (acetylene black, ketjen black, or graphite) with specific surface area (100-500 m²/g) and pore volume (0.3-0.8 mL/g) that acts as a host for sulfur particles. This carbon matrix prevents direct exposure of sulfur to vapor phase during drying, reducing sublimation losses without requiring surface coating treatments that would remove active material

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes porous carbon materials with controlled surface area and pore volume to host sulfur particles. The porous structure provides extensive surface area for sulfur adhesion while maintaining open pathways for electrolyte penetration, preventing sulfur sublimation during electrode drying without coating the sulfur surface with additional materials that would reduce active content

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

3Productivity

If high drying temperature and long drying time are used, then electrode manufacturing is complete, but sulfur-based materials sublime

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedrying efficiencyVSAvoidsulfur sublimation loss
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent incorporates carbon materials and binders into the sulfur mixture before drying to create a protective matrix around sulfur particles. This preliminary action establishes a physical barrier that prevents sulfur sublimation during the subsequent drying process, allowing efficient drying at moderate temperatures (60-100°C) without significant sulfur loss

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The carbon material acts as an intermediary substance between sulfur particles and the drying environment. It provides a thermal buffer and physical barrier during the drying process, enabling rapid water removal from the electrode slurry while preventing sulfur sublimation, thus achieving high productivity without active material loss

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The binder effectively maintains high adsorption capacity, stability, and cycle characteristics of the lithium-sulfur battery by uniformly dispersing carbon and preventing sulfur leaching, leading to improved battery performance and manufacturing efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

a binder for the preparation of a positive electrode of a lithium-sulfur secondary battery, which comprises an acrylic polymer... capable of providing a high adsorption force for a positive electrode active material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdsorption: Adsorption

Data Source

PatentUS11031598B2Binder for positive electrode of lithium-sulfur secondary battery and method for preparing positive electrode using same
Publication Date: 2021.06.08 LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD

AI summary

A binder for a positive electrode of a lithium-sulfur secondary battery, including an acrylic polymer including an acrylic monomer polymerized unit, a non-acrylic monomer polymerized unit and a redox monomer polymerized unit, as well as a positive electrode active layer, a positive electrode and a lithium-sulfur secondary battery manufactured using the binder. The acrylic polymer contains at least 30 wt. % of the acrylic monomer polymerized unit.