Low-Latency Command Propagation for Automotive LEDs and Sensors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing communication technologies such as CAN, LIN, I2C, SPI, and Ethernet are inadequate for dynamically controlling large numbers of LEDs and sensors in vehicles due to bandwidth limitations, latency issues, complexity, and susceptibility to interference, leading to a fragmented and complex Human Machine Interface (HMI) that overstrains drivers.
Innovation Solution
A system arrangement with an initiator device and branch devices connected via Unshielded Twisted Pair cables, allowing for low latency and fail-safe command propagation through configurable modes and modes switching based on link attention events, enabling real-time actuation of client devices like LEDs and sensors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If CAN bus is used for controlling LEDs and sensors, then bandwidth is improved (2-4 Mbits), but device complexity increases due to multi-master capability and arbitration requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the network into a hierarchical structure with one initiator device, multiple branch devices connected in series, and multiple client devices per branch. This segmentation eliminates the need for multi-master arbitration by designating a single initiator, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining adequate bandwidth for controlling hundreds to thousands of LEDs and sensors.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically switches between two operational modes: transparent mode for low-latency forwarding and routing mode for intelligent packet handling. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to optimize performance based on traffic requirements, achieving high-speed data transmission without requiring complex arbitration logic in all operating conditions.
2Productivity
If Ethernet is used for controlling LEDs and sensors, then bandwidth and client capacity are improved, but device complexity and susceptibility to interference increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs cost-effective Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cables instead of expensive Ethernet infrastructure, achieving sufficient bandwidth for automotive HMI applications without the complexity of Ethernet switching and the need for additional common-mode chokes, thereby reducing both device complexity and cost.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adapts its operational mode based on traffic requirements, switching between transparent forwarding for high-speed applications and intelligent routing for complex communication patterns, thereby achieving Ethernet-like performance with simpler UTP cable infrastructure.
3Adaptability or versatility
If mode switching is implemented for branch devices, then adaptability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements periodic mode switching based on predefined conditions and link attention events, allowing branch devices to adapt to changing network conditions and application requirements. The modes include transparent mode for low-latency forwarding and routing mode for intelligent packet handling, providing adaptability through time-based and event-based transitions.
Solution Approach 2:
Branch devices automatically switch between operational modes based on predefined conditions and link attention events without requiring external control, thereby achieving adaptability through self-service mechanisms while minimizing the increase in device complexity.
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention is directed towards a system arrangement and method which allows the operation of units in a fail safe manner and at low latency behavior. The teachings suggest a specific protocol which allows switching and routing of packages for addressing and controlling light emitting diodes and reading out sensors. The information is distributed according to very specific requirements of the underlying topology and application domain. The automotive sector poses very restrictive requirements especially security relevant devices are involved. As light emitting diodes and sensors may affect the reliability of security features in a vehicle specialized approaches have to be provided considering both real-time requirements and reliability. One of the provided advantages is that for instance a branch device can change its operation mode without an explicit command but, in general, a command may provide an expiry condition of a mode after which the mode returns to its previous mode. Such an expiry condition may be the reception of a predefined number of specific network events. In addition, a computer program product is proposed comprising control commands which carry out the method or operate the device.