Macromolecular Compound for Organic Photovoltaic Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Photovoltaic devices with organic layers containing specific macromolecular compounds do not achieve satisfactory short-circuit current density and photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A macromolecular compound with a structural unit represented by Formula (1), featuring a divalent group with a light absorbing terminal wavelength of 700 nm or more, is used in the organic layer of photovoltaic devices, combined with an electron acceptor compound to form a thin film, ink, or composition.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If conventional macromolecular compounds are used in organic layers, then the device can be manufactured with simple coating processes, but the short-circuit current density and photoelectric conversion efficiency are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the molecular structure parameters of the macromolecular compound by introducing specific structural units (Formula 1) with diverse heteroatom linkages (X1 and X2) and aromatic/heterocyclic groups (Ar1 and Ar2). This structural parameter modification enables the material to maintain ease of coating while achieving light absorption up to 700 nm and improved photoelectric conversion efficiency of 5% or more.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite macromolecular structure combining different heteroatom linkages (O, S, C=O, Si, N, B, P) with trivalent aromatic hydrocarbon groups and heterocyclic groups. This composite molecular architecture allows the material to simultaneously achieve simple processability and high photoelectric conversion efficiency through enhanced light harvesting capabilities.
2Ease of manufacture
If conventional macromolecular compounds are used, then the production process avoids high temperature and high vacuum conditions, but the light absorption range is limited and does not extend to 700 nm or more
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the optical parameters of the macromolecular compound by incorporating structural units with extended conjugation systems and specific heteroatom linkages. These parameter changes enable the material to absorb light up to 700 nm while maintaining compatibility with low-temperature, atmospheric-pressure fabrication processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The diverse heteroatom linkages (X1 and X2) act as intermediaries that facilitate electron delocalization and extend the absorption spectrum. These intermediary groups bridge the aromatic/heterocyclic cores, enabling broad light absorption without requiring high-energy processing conditions.
3Device complexity
If existing macromolecular structures are employed, then the device structure remains simple, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency does not reach 5% or more
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves high photoelectric conversion efficiency (≥5%) by optimizing the molecular parameters of the macromolecular compound, specifically the arrangement of heteroatom linkages and aromatic groups, without increasing device structural complexity. The improved efficiency stems from enhanced material properties rather than more complex device architecture.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The use of this macromolecular compound enhances the short-circuit current density and photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic devices.
Implementation Method 1
a light absorbing terminal wavelength of 700 nm or more
Implementation Method 2
photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic device are enhanced
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a macromolecular compound by which the short-circuit current density and the photoelectric conversion efficiency are enhanced when the macromolecular compound is used in an organic layer contained in a photovoltaic device. Specifically, the present invention provides a macromolecular compound having a structural unit represented by Formula (1):wherein Ar1 and Ar2 are the same as or different from each other and represent a trivalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a trivalent heterocyclic group; X1 and X2 are the same as or different from each other and represent —O—, —S—, —C(═O)—, —S(═O)—, —SO2—, —C(R50)(R51)—, —Si (R3)(R4)—, —N(R5)—, —B(R6)—, —P(R7)—, or —P(═O)(R8)—;wherein the macromolecular compound has a light absorbing terminal wavelength of 700 nm or more.