Spontaneous Haploid Genome Doubling in Maize Breeding
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Solution Overview
Problem
The production of Doubled Haploids (DHs) in maize is hindered by inefficiencies in haploid induction, selection, and genome doubling, particularly due to the use of toxic chemicals like colchicine, which requires labor-intensive and costly processes.
Innovation Solution
Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) associated with spontaneous haploid genome doubling (SHGD) in maize, allowing for marker-assisted selection and elimination of the need for chemical treatments, enabling direct sowing of putative haploids and reducing greenhouse and labor costs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If chemical treatment with colchicine is used for genome doubling, then genome doubling can be achieved, but the process becomes toxic and labor-intensive requiring seedling treatment before transplanting
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and eliminates the harmful chemical treatment step from the genome doubling process. By identifying and utilizing spontaneous haploid genome doubling (SHGD) capability in specific maize genotypes, the method removes the need for colchicine application, thereby eliminating toxicity while maintaining genome doubling functionality
Solution Approach 2:
The invention enables the haploid plants to perform genome doubling autonomously through their inherent SHGD capability. The plants self-regulate chromosome doubling without external chemical intervention, transforming a previously assistant-dependent process into a self-service biological mechanism
2Reliability
If chemical treatment with colchicine is used for genome doubling, then genome doubling can be achieved, but the process requires labor-intensive seedling treatment and transplanting
Solution Approach 1:
The invention removes the labor-intensive chemical treatment and transplanting steps from the workflow. By utilizing SHGD-capable genotypes, the process eliminates the need for delicate seedling handling, colchicine application, and subsequent transplanting operations
Solution Approach 2:
The invention performs genome doubling as a preliminary natural process before harvest. Putative haploids are directly sown into the field where they undergo spontaneous genome doubling in situ, eliminating the need for post-treatment transplanting operations
3Reliability
If traditional DH technology is used in maize, then doubled haploid plants can be produced, but the process is costly and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The invention performs genome doubling preliminarily and naturally within the plant before harvest. By sowing putative haploids directly into the field and allowing spontaneous genome doubling to occur in situ, the method eliminates the time required for greenhouse germination, chemical treatment, and transplanting
Solution Approach 2:
The plants perform genome doubling autonomously in the field without requiring greenhouse infrastructure or人工 intervention for treatment. This self-service approach eliminates both time and resource costs associated with controlled environment cultivation and chemical processing
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention generally provides methods to generate plants with high frequency of spontaneous haploid genome doubling for use in doubled haploid production. The invention relates to the BUBR1 nucleic acid and protein sequences identified, which are associated with spontaneous haploid genome doubling.