Built-in Self-test and Repair Circuit for Memory Defect Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing integrated circuit devices require expensive high-speed testers for manufacturing verification, limiting the application of advanced defect detection strategies and increasing manufacturing costs due to the need for specialized equipment capable of testing at high operating frequencies.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a built-in self-test and repair circuit within the device, which includes a self-test logic circuit to identify and a self-repair logic circuit to automatically replace defective memory cells with spare cells, allowing for automated defect detection and repair without the need for external high-speed testers.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If external high-speed testers are used for manufacturing verification, then defect detection capability is improved, but manufacturing cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedefect detection capabilityVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The memory device performs self-testing through built-in test circuits that can autonomously detect defects without requiring external high-speed testers. The test circuits generate test patterns, apply them to memory cells, and detect defects internally, enabling the device to service its own testing needs and eliminate dependence on expensive external equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The built-in test circuits are integrated into the normal memory operation infrastructure, allowing the same memory cells and circuitry to serve both as operational memory and as test subjects. This multi-functionality enables defect detection using existing device resources rather than requiring separate specialized testing equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Ease of manufacture

If built-in self-test circuits are integrated into the device, then manufacturing cost decreases, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing costVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The test circuits are merged with the normal memory operation circuits, sharing common infrastructure such as word lines, bit lines, and memory cells. This integration allows defect detection functionality to be combined with existing memory operations, reducing the need for completely separate test circuitry and minimizing the increase in device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentEP3087488B1Integrated circuit defect detection and repair
Publication Date: 2020.05.06 INTEL CORP
  • EP3087488B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3087488B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3087488B1 patent drawingFigure 3a

AI summary

In accordance with the present description, a device includes an internal defect detection and repair circuit which includes a self-test logic circuit built in within the device and a self-repair logic circuit also built in within the device. In one embodiment, the built in self-test logic circuit may be configured to automatically identify defective memory cells in a memory. Upon identifying one or more defective memory cells, the built in self-repair logic circuit may be configured to automatically repair the defective memory cells by replacing defective cells with spare cells within the memory. In one embodiment, data patterns are generated as a function of memory addresses and periodic address offsets. Other aspects are described herein.