Series-Stacked MEMS Switching Modules With Galvanic Isolation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing MEMS-based switching arrays face limitations in achieving voltage scalability due to excessive voltage levels developing across open switches, restricting the number of switches that can be connected in series and preventing the attainment of desired voltage ratings.

Innovation Solution

A system comprising MEMS-based switching modules with galvanically isolated power and control circuitry, allowing any number of modules to be connected in series by propagating power and control signals unaffected by the voltage across open switches, and incorporating a voltage grading network for equal voltage distribution.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If multiple MEMS switches are connected in series to achieve higher voltage rating, then the voltage rating of the array increases, but the voltage levels across open switches exceed the circuitry voltage rating

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage ratingVSAvoidexcessive voltage levels
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an intermediary circuit between series-connected MEMS switches that actively monitors and limits the voltage across each switch. This intermediary circuit prevents excessive voltage buildup by providing a discharge path or clamping mechanism, allowing more switches to be connected in series without exceeding the voltage rating of individual components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback control by monitoring the voltage across each MEMS switch and using this information to control the switching operation. When voltage approaches dangerous levels, the feedback mechanism triggers corrective action such as opening adjacent switches or activating voltage clamping circuits, enabling safe operation of extended series configurations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Adaptability or versatility

If more switching modules are connected in series to achieve desired voltage rating, then voltage scalability is improved, but the complexity of power and control signal distribution increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage scalabilityVSAvoidpower and control signal distribution
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the power and control signal distribution into segmented, modular units. Each switching module contains its own localized power supply and control logic, eliminating the need for complex long-distance signal distribution. Modules can be connected in series with simple interconnections, and each module independently manages its own power and control signals, greatly simplifying the overall system architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent designs universal switching modules that can operate autonomously with their own integrated power and control systems. Each module is self-contained and can function independently or in series with other identical modules, providing multi-functionality and eliminating the need for complex centralized power and control distribution infrastructure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables the connection of any number of modules in series to achieve a desired voltage rating, ensuring voltage scalability and preventing voltage rating exceedance, while maintaining current scalability.

Implementation Method 1

switching circuitry comprising at least one micro-electromechanical system switch for selectively establishing a current path from an input line to an output line of the switch in response to a gate control signal applied to the switch

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMicro-electromechanical system (MEMS) switching: Microelectromechanical Systems

Implementation Method 2

power circuitry coupled to the control circuitry and the switching circuitry. The power circuitry provides an input terminal pair and an output terminal pair galvanically isolated from one another

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGalvanic isolation:

Data Source

PatentEP1928006B1Micro-electromechanical system based switching module serially stackable with other such modules to meet a voltage rating
Publication Date: 2010.01.20 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP1928006B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP1928006B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP1928006B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

MEMS-based switching module (e.g., 12, 100), as may be electrically connected to other such modules (14, 16) in a series circuit, to achieve a desired voltage rating is provided. A switching array (10) may be made up of a plurality of such switching modules (e.g., used as building blocks of the switching array) with circuitry (100, 106, 108, 110) configured so that any number of modules can be connected in series to achieve the desired voltage rating (e.g., voltage scalability).