Micro LED Display Panel Recess Design for Optical Cross-Talk Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Micro LED display panels face optical cross-talk issues due to the wide beam angle of self-illuminating units, leading to blurred images and reduced color contrast, as light emitted by one sub-pixel can interfere with adjacent sub-pixels, causing color mixing and degraded display quality.
Innovation Solution
A display panel design featuring a substrate with recesses for micro light emitting diodes (Micro LEDs) and a functional layer that prevents light emitted by one Micro LED from entering adjacent sub-pixels, using a waveguide layer, upper dielectric layer, or light absorbing materials to control light emission and reduce optical cross-talk.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If self-illuminating units (Micro LEDs) are used in each sub-pixel, then display properties such as self-illumination, low power consumption, high contrast, and high color gamut are improved, but optical cross-talk occurs due to wide beam angle, causing blurred picture and reduced color contrast
Solution Approach 1:
A functional layer is introduced as an intermediary component between the Micro LED and the viewer. This layer includes a waveguide layer with specific refractive index (greater than substrate and upper dielectric layer) that guides and redirects light, preventing direct line-of-sight cross-talk between adjacent sub-pixels while maintaining display brightness and color properties
Solution Approach 2:
The refractive index parameters of the functional layer are specifically optimized to control light propagation. The waveguide layer has a refractive index higher than both the substrate and upper dielectric layer, creating total internal reflection conditions that redirect stray light away from adjacent sub-pixels, thereby reducing optical cross-talk while preserving display quality
2Device complexity
If no light management structure is used, then device complexity is reduced, but light from one sub-pixel enters adjacent sub-pixels causing color mixing and degraded display quality
Solution Approach 1:
The light management function is segmented into multiple layers: a waveguide layer for redirecting light, an upper dielectric layer for structural support and additional optical control, and optionally a light absorbing layer at the substrate bottom. This segmentation allows each layer to perform a specific function, achieving effective cross-talk reduction without excessive overall complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The solution addresses the 2D planar light emission problem by introducing vertical layering with different refractive indices. The waveguide layer creates 3D light paths through total internal reflection, redirecting stray light in the vertical dimension away from adjacent horizontal sub-pixels, thereby improving display quality without requiring complex lateral structures
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces optical cross-talk, enhancing display contrast, color purity, and overall image quality by ensuring that light emitted by Micro LEDs is contained within their respective sub-pixels, thereby improving the display's brightness, color gamut, and durability.
Implementation Method 1
A refractive index of the waveguide layer may be greater than refractive indices of the substrate and the upper dielectric layer, and the refractive index of the substrate may be greater than the refractive index of the upper dielectric layer
Implementation Method 2
The display panel may further include a light absorbing layer on a side of the substrate distal from the functional layer
Data Source
AI summary
A display panel is disclosed, the display array including: a substrate; a functional layer on the substrate having a plurality of recesses, at least one of the recesses in a sub-pixel region forming a well structure with a sidewall formed of the functional layer and a bottom formed of the substrate; and a plurality of micro light emitting diodes (Micro LEDs) for emitting light, at least one of the Micro LEDs within a corresponding recess; wherein the functional layer is configured to prevent at least part of the light emitted by one of the Micro LEDs and incident on the sidewall of the corresponding recess from being subsequently emitted through an adjacent sub-pixel region.