Microneedle Insertion Mechanism for Reliable Skin Embedment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing microneedle apparatuses face challenges such as user uncertainty in proper embedment, obtrusiveness, complexity, high cost, and discomfort due to weight and complexity, leading to issues like partial embedment, dislodgement, and difficulty in continuous real-time data collection.
Innovation Solution
An apparatus with movable projecting portions that transition from a non-contact to fully embedded state upon user actuation, featuring a non-linear path mechanism, adhesive retention, and simplified components to ensure proper embedment and reduced obtrusiveness.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If microneedles are manually inserted by user without control mechanism, then ease of operation is improved, but reliability of proper embedment deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The microneedles are pre-loaded in a retracted position within the apparatus, ready for insertion. The control mechanism is pre-configured to guide the microneedles along a predetermined non-linear path, eliminating the need for user skill in manual insertion while ensuring reliable embedment through the controlled release mechanism.
Solution Approach 2:
The apparatus provides visual feedback through a window that allows the user to observe microneedle extension and confirm proper embedment. This feedback mechanism gives the user confidence that the microneedles have been correctly inserted, resolving the contradiction between ease of operation and reliability of embedment.
2Measurement precision
If microneedles are made visible for verification, then measurement precision of embedment is improved, but obtrusiveness increases
Solution Approach 1:
The apparatus provides visibility only in the specific local area where microneedle extension occurs (through a window), rather than making the entire apparatus bulky or complex. This localized transparency approach allows verification of embedment without increasing overall obtrusiveness.
3Reliability
If control mechanism is added to prevent dislodgement, then reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The control mechanism uses a dynamic non-linear path for microneedle extension, where the movable portion follows a curved trajectory. This dynamic approach allows the microneedles to be securely retained during movement while simplifying the retention mechanism compared to rigid fixed-path systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The microneedles are nested within the movable portion, which itself is nested within the apparatus housing. This nested structure allows the control mechanism to be compact and simple while providing reliable retention through the hierarchical containment of components.
4Weight of moving object
If apparatus is made lightweight, then ease of operation is improved, but manufacturing precision becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The apparatus utilizes thin-walled construction and flexible materials for the housing and movable portions, reducing overall weight while maintaining structural integrity. The non-linear path mechanism is implemented using thin flexible components that can be manufactured with standard precision techniques.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus facilitates easy and confident embedment of microneedles, reduces complexity and cost, and minimizes discomfort by maintaining a low profile, enabling extended and reliable skin contact for applications like hormone monitoring.
Implementation Method 1
The microneedle base substrate may comprise an adhesive to improve engagement with the skin
Data Source
AI summary
An electrochemical sensor apparatus for introducing a needle electrode into the skin of a subject to contact a biological fluid or a tissue in the subject and detect a target analyte. The apparatus has a movable portion which urges the needle electrode in the subject's skin and means for controlling the movement of the needle electrode. Upon actuation of the sensor apparatus, the needle electrode is urged instantaneously and irreversibly into the skin.