Modified Monosaccharides for Selective Cancer Cell Labeling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing monosaccharide compounds used for labeling and detecting cells are cytotoxic and non-selective, limiting their effectiveness in targeting eukaryotic cells from multicellular organisms, particularly cancer cells.
Innovation Solution
Development of modified monosaccharides with reactive groups for click chemistry reactions, allowing specific labeling and detection of eukaryotic cells, including cancer cells, through compounds like 5-azido-5-deoxy-D-arabinofuranose (Ara-N3) that assimilate differently in tumoral and non-tumoral cells.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If existing monosaccharide compounds are used for labeling and detecting cells, then cell labeling and detection can be achieved, but the compounds are cytotoxic and non-selective, limiting their effectiveness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical structure of monosaccharide compounds by introducing reactive groups (azide, alkyne) and modifying hydroxyl positions, creating new derivatives (e.g., Ac3ManNAz, Ac3KDNaz, Ara-N3) that exhibit different biological properties including reduced cytotoxicity and enhanced cancer cell selectivity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite carbohydrate structures by combining modified monosaccharides with detectable labels through click chemistry reactions, forming conjugates that enable selective cancer cell detection while maintaining low toxicity
2Object-affected harmful factors
If low non-toxic concentrations of compounds are used, then cytotoxicity is reduced, but the effectiveness for labeling and detection is diminished
Solution Approach 1:
The modified monosaccharide compounds exhibit enhanced metabolic incorporation efficiency into cancer cell membranes, allowing effective labeling at low non-toxic concentrations due to their selective assimilation by cancer cells through altered metabolic pathways
3Measurement precision
If conventional click chemistry methods are used for cancer cell labeling, then labeling can be achieved, but the compounds are non-selective to specific cells
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces specific structural modifications at defined positions of monosaccharide rings (e.g., azide at position 5 of arabinofuranose, modifications at C-2, C-3, C-4 positions) that confer cancer cell selectivity while maintaining compatibility with click chemistry reactions
Solution Approach 2:
The modified monosaccharide compounds act as metabolic intermediaries that are selectively incorporated into cancer cell membranes, serving as bridges between the extracellular environment and intracellular metabolic pathways, enabling selective labeling
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The modified monosaccharides enable selective labeling and detection of cancer cells with low toxicity, facilitating cancer diagnosis and treatment by providing cancer probes and markers.
Implementation Method 1
X is a reactive group allowing to covalently link a further compound, such as a label or an anti-cancer drug or particles comprising an anti-cancer drug, via a click chemistry reaction
Implementation Method 2
assimilation of the monosaccharides compounds of formula (I), especially Ara-N3, occurs with eukaryotic cell from a multicellular organism
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to modified monosaccharide compounds implemented in methods for labeling and/or detecting an eukaryotic cell from a multicellular organism. It also relates to such modified monosaccharide compounds implemented in methods for identifying or isolating cancer cells, diagnosing a cancer or for cell therapy.