Movable Transmitter Coil Alignment for EV Wireless Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Misalignment between transmitter and receiver coils in wireless charging systems for electric vehicles leads to power pulsation and inefficiency, particularly in dynamic and stationary charging scenarios, which can degrade battery life and cease power transfer.
Innovation Solution
A movable transmitter coil mounted on a wheeled plate, equipped with a magnetic field sensor and a controller, adjusts its alignment with the receiver coil by moving in response to magnetic field measurements until a well-aligned state is achieved, using a compensation network and rectifier to supply battery power.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If the transmitter coil is fixed on a stationary pad, then the system structure is simple, but misalignment ceases power transfer from the primary side to the secondary side
Solution Approach 1:
The transmitter coil is mounted on a mobile platform with motors that enable it to move and adjust its position dynamically. This transforms the static transmitter into a dynamic system that can actively seek and maintain optimal alignment with the receiver coil, ensuring reliable power transfer even when initial positioning is imperfect.
2Reliability
If the transmitter coil is made mobile to correct misalignment, then power transfer reliability improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
A magnetic field sensor continuously monitors the magnetic field strength between the transmitter and receiver coils. This feedback signal is processed by a controller that determines whether the transmitter is properly aligned. Based on this feedback, the controller automatically adjusts the transmitter position using motors, creating a closed-loop control system that maintains reliable power transfer.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs self-alignment automatically without requiring manual intervention. The magnetic field sensor detects misalignment, the controller processes the information, and the motors execute position corrections autonomously. This self-service capability reduces operational complexity despite the increased mechanical complexity of the mobile platform.
3Device complexity
If misalignment is not corrected, then the system operates simply without additional components, but power pulsation harms battery lifetime
Solution Approach 1:
The magnetic field sensor provides continuous feedback on alignment status, enabling the controller to detect misalignment conditions that would cause power pulsation. By monitoring the magnetic field strength, the system can identify when the transmitter and receiver are not properly aligned and automatically correct the position before harmful power pulsation occurs.
Solution Approach 2:
The system proactively prevents power pulsation by continuously monitoring alignment and making corrective position adjustments before misalignment becomes severe enough to cause harmful power variations. This preliminary correction action prevents the occurrence of battery-damaging power pulsation rather than reacting to it after it occurs.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively corrects both horizontal and vertical misalignments, maintaining efficient power transfer and reducing power losses, ensuring reliable charging without human intervention.
Implementation Method 1
A magnetic field sensor can be installed on the transmitter pad to measure the magnetic field
Implementation Method 2
WPT based on energy transfer can be classified as inductive power transfer (IPT) or capacitive power transfer (CPT), utilizing the magnetic field and electric field, respectively, to transfer power
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods are provided for improving misalignment during wireless charging (e.g., during wireless charging of electric vehicles (EVs)). A transmitter coil can be disposed on a mobile plate, which can act as a robot to move the transmitter. A magnetic field sensor can be installed on the transmitter pad to measure the magnetic field, and the measured magnetic field can be compared with the highest magnetic field value, with the error being sent to a controller. The controller can send a command to the robot to move the transmitter to adjust itself to be better aligned with the receiver. This can continue until the transmitter and the receiver are in a well-aligned state.