Moving Object Material Identification via Multi-Wavelength Point Clouds
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing systems for identifying the material composition of moving objects using tridimensional sensors are too slow for real-time processing in dynamic environments and require complex, costly setups with multiple receivers, making them inflexible and prone to misalignment, which can lead to inaccurate risk assessments in vehicle navigation.
Innovation Solution
A method and system that utilize a single sensor or multiple sensors mounted on a device to generate continuous point cloud frames at multiple wavelengths, with a central processing unit aligning and aggregating data in a global coordinate system to determine the object's reflectivity response and material composition in real time, allowing for immediate vehicle response.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If systems emit simultaneously at multiple optical wavelengths and receive successively the reflected response at different wavelengths, then material composition identification is enabled, but the system is too slow for real-time processing in dynamic environments
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses periodic modulation of the optical signal at different wavelengths, where each wavelength is modulated at a distinct frequency. This allows the receiver to distinguish and process multiple wavelengths simultaneously through frequency demodulation, achieving real-time material identification without the sequential delay of traditional methods
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a dynamic signal processing approach where the receiver continuously adjusts its demodulation frequencies to track the periodic modulation of different wavelengths. This dynamic adaptation enables real-time processing of multiple wavelengths even in moving environments, resolving the speed-precision contradiction
2Speed
If a single emitter emits simultaneously at multiple wavelengths with multiple receivers, then simultaneous reception of reflected signals at different wavelengths is achieved, but the system becomes complex and costly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes a single receiver perform multiple functions by enabling it to detect and demodulate multiple wavelengths simultaneously. The receiver is designed with universal capability to process any wavelength within its detection range, eliminating the need for dedicated receivers for each wavelength and significantly reducing system complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the operational parameters of the receiver dynamically, adjusting its detection and demodulation frequencies based on which wavelengths are currently being emitted. This parameter adaptation allows one receiver to effectively replace multiple specialized receivers, reducing hardware complexity while maintaining simultaneous multi-wavelength capability
3Measurement precision
If multiple receivers are used to receive reflected signals at different wavelengths, then material composition identification is improved, but alignment and positioning accuracy requirements increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the wavelength discrimination function from the spatial arrangement of multiple receivers and relocates it to the temporal domain through periodic modulation. By encoding wavelength information in time-varying signal characteristics rather than spatial separation, the system eliminates the need for precise alignment between multiple receivers and the emitter
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces periodic modulation as an intermediary mechanism that mediates between the emitter and receiver. This modulation scheme acts as a signal carrier that encodes wavelength information, allowing the single receiver to distinguish different wavelengths through demodulation without requiring precise geometric alignment with the emitter
4Speed
If the vehicle is moving and successive physical signals are emitted at different wavelengths, then real-time identification is enabled, but the object may have different location or orientation making aggregation complicated
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs periodic modulation at distinct frequencies for each wavelength, which creates a temporal signature that persists regardless of the object's movement. The receiver can track and aggregate reflectivity data across multiple wavelengths by following these periodic signals, simplifying the aggregation process even when the object moves between emissions
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback mechanisms where the receiver continuously monitors the periodic modulated signals and adjusts its demodulation parameters in real-time. This feedback loop enables automatic tracking of moving objects and dynamic aggregation of reflectivity data across wavelengths, reducing the complexity of signal processing in mobile scenarios
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables real-time identification of moving objects' material composition, improving vehicle safety by providing accurate and immediate responses to potential hazards without the need for complex and costly multi-receiver setups, and allowing for flexible wavelength adjustments.
Implementation Method 1
The sensors can then receive the signal that is reflected by the object for these different wavelengths
Data Source
AI summary
A method for identifying a composition material of an object located in an environment surrounding at least one device, the object moving relative to the device, in which at least one sensor is mounted on the device and communicates with at least one central processing unit.