MRAM Cell Electrostatic Gate Modulates Semiconductor Resistance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing magnetic random access memory (MRAM) cells face challenges in achieving high reading accuracy and reducing energy loss during memory cell reading due to high electrical resistance in the circuit, which affects the efficiency of spin-charge conversion and reading time.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a semiconductor layer separated by an insulating layer from an electrostatic gate below the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), allowing the electrostatic gate to modulate the semiconductor resistance by applying a voltage, thereby increasing the MTJ resistance during reading and decreasing it during writing to enhance accuracy and efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If the MTJ resistance is increased to improve reading accuracy, then the reading accuracy improves, but the energy loss increases due to P=RI^2

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereading accuracyVSAvoidenergy loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the semiconductor layer resistance可调 (adjustable) through voltage control via the electrostatic gate. The resistance can be dynamically increased during reading operations to improve accuracy, and decreased during writing operations to reduce energy loss, allowing the system to optimize performance based on operational mode

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the resistance parameter of the semiconductor layer by applying different voltages to the electrostatic gate. During reading, the gate voltage is adjusted to increase resistance for better accuracy. During writing, the resistance is reduced to minimize energy loss according to P=RI^2, directly addressing the contradiction between accuracy and energy consumption

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If the SOT current layer length is increased to improve spin-charge conversion efficiency, then the conversion efficiency improves, but the writing current dispersion increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespin-charge conversion efficiencyVSAvoidwriting current concentration
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by creating a high-resistance region specifically at the location of the SOT current layer through the semiconductor layer and electrostatic gate structure. This localized resistance enhancement concentrates the writing current precisely where needed in the SOT layer, preventing current dispersion even when the layer is long, thereby maintaining both conversion efficiency and current concentration

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The semiconductor layer acts as an intermediary between the electrostatic gate and the SOT current layer. By modulating the semiconductor layer resistance through the gate, it mediates the current distribution to ensure concentrated writing current in the SOT layer, enabling efficient spin-charge conversion without current dispersion

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution improves reading accuracy and reduces energy loss by concentrating the writing current and optimizing the resistance of the SOT current layer, especially beneficial for MRAM cells with long SOT current layers, leading to more efficient spin-charge conversion and reduced energy consumption.

Implementation Method 1

Applying a voltage to the electrostatic gate has the consequence to modify i.e. increase or decrease the resistance of the semiconductor layer by electrostatic coupling

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrostatic coupling: Electrostatic Induction

Implementation Method 2

When the charge current 301 is flowing through the SOT current layer, a spin current is generated by spin orbit interaction for example by spin Hall effect and/or Rashba-Edelstein effect

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSpin Hall effect: Hall Effect

Implementation Method 3

When the charge current 301 is flowing through the SOT current layer, a spin current is generated by spin orbit interaction for example by spin Hall effect and/or Rashba-Edelstein effect

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRashba-Edelstein effect:

Implementation Method 4

magnetic random access memory (MRAM) cell comprising a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) element

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetoresistance: Magnetoresistance

Data Source

PatentEP3996093A1Magnetic random access memory cell and method for writing and reading such memory element
Publication Date: 2022.05.11 ANTAIOS SAS
  • EP3996093A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3996093A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3996093A1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

The present disclosure is about a magnetic random access memory (MRAM) cell (100), comprising a first magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) element (10) comprising a tunnel barrier layer (22) between a reference layer (21) having a reference magnetization and a free layer (23) having a free magnetization that can be freely oriented, the reference and free layers (21, 23) having a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA); a SOT current layer (30) configured to pass a write current (301) adapted for switching the free magnetization by a spin current by SOT interaction. The MRAM cell (100) further comprises an electrostatic gate (50) configured to electrostatically interact with a semiconductor layer (40) disposed in direct contact to the SOT current layer 30 such that the semiconductor layer resistance can be modulated for read and/or write process.