Multi-Axis Positioning Stage With 5-DOF Joints for Submicron Precision

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Solution Overview

Problem

Hexapods, despite being the preferred multi-axis positioning stage, are cost-prohibitive due to the need for complex computing and high-performance actuators to manage synergistic motion, and they suffer from tolerance stack-up issues, making them expensive and difficult to achieve submicron precision.

Innovation Solution

A multi-axis positioning stage using prismatic actuators with five degrees of freedom, supported by magnetic joints and a baseplate, allows independent actuator movement without binding, eliminating the need for complex algorithms and reducing costs by avoiding rotary or linear bearings.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If hexapod structure is used to achieve multi-axis positioning, then positioning capability is improved, but device complexity and cost increase exponentially

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemulti-axis positioning capabilityVSAvoidactuator coordination complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The hexapod system is segmented into six independent actuators, each capable of independent motion control. This segmentation allows each actuator to be controlled separately without requiring complex coordinated motion algorithms, simplifying the overall system complexity while maintaining multi-axis positioning capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of using a parallel hexapod structure where multiple actuators work together synergistically (requiring complex coordination), the invention inverts the approach by using independent actuators with spherical joints that allow each actuator to move independently. This inversion eliminates the need for complex motion profile calculations and coordination algorithms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

2Measurement precision

If spherical joints with tight tolerances are used to improve resolution, then positioning precision is improved, but manufacturing cost and complexity increase exponentially

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestage resolutionVSAvoidspherical bearing quality requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts and eliminates the spherical bearings from the actuator joints, replacing them with a direct spherical joint design where a spherical surface contacts a flat surface. This removal of intermediate bearing components simplifies manufacturing while maintaining the ability to achieve tight tolerances and high resolution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces expensive, high-precision spherical bearings with simpler, more cost-effective spherical joint surfaces that can be manufactured at tighter tolerances. These simpler joint surfaces are easier and cheaper to manufacture while providing sufficient precision for the application.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Manufacturing precision

If hexapod with high-performance actuators is used to achieve submicron precision, then positioning precision is improved, but actuator capability requirements and cost increase exponentially

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesubmicron positioning precisionVSAvoidactuator performance capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The positioning task is segmented into six independent single-axis movements, each handled by a separate actuator. This segmentation allows each actuator to perform simple, straightforward motion without requiring complex coordinated control, reducing the performance capability requirements of individual actuators while achieving submicron precision through the cumulative effect of all six actuators.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The proposed stage achieves submicron precision at a fraction of the cost of hexapods, with scalable axes and simplified actuator control, overcoming tolerance stack-up issues and enabling precise, cost-effective positioning.

Implementation Method 1

Magnetic force, gravity, and/or a pliable polymer, such as silicone, may be employed to keep the up to five DOF pivot points in contact with their respective (that is, top or bottom) plate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic force: Magnetism

Implementation Method 2

Magnetic force, gravity, and/or a pliable polymer, such as silicone, may be employed to keep the up to five DOF pivot points in contact with their respective (that is, top or bottom) plate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGravity: Gravitation

Data Source

PatentEP3519141B1Multi-axis relative positioning stage
Publication Date: 2026.02.18 SAE TECH INC
  • EP3519141B1 patent drawingFigure 1(a)~1(l)
  • EP3519141B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3519141B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A parallel position manipulator includes a top plate, a baseplate and a plurality of prismatic joint actuators. Each actuator includes an actuator joint having five Degrees of Freedom (DOF) at either the base plate or the top plate. When one or more of the actuators extends or contracts, the pivot points, or five DOF actuator joint, of the remaining actuators are allowed to shift in any axis other than that actuator's primary axis of motion.