Multilayer Substrate Antenna Element Ground Electrode Roughness
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Solution Overview
Problem
The insertion loss in multilayer substrates and antenna elements is limited by the surface roughness of the ground electrode's region forming the return path, despite reducing the surface roughness of conductors, as the existing technologies fail to effectively minimize this loss.
Innovation Solution
A multilayer substrate and antenna element design where a ground electrode with a first region of lower surface roughness overlaps at least part of the wire or radiation electrode, reducing the surface roughness in the return path area, thereby minimizing insertion loss while maintaining adhesion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If the surface roughness of the conductor is reduced, then the insertion loss decreases, but the insertion loss is limited by the surface roughness of the ground electrode's return path region
Solution Approach 1:
The ground electrode is designed with different surface roughness characteristics in different regions: a first region with lower surface roughness that overlaps with the wire conductor in plan view, and a second region with higher surface roughness. This local differentiation allows the return path region to have optimized surface properties for reducing insertion loss while maintaining overall manufacturing feasibility
Solution Approach 2:
The ground electrode surface is segmented into functionally distinct regions: a first region specifically positioned to overlap the wire conductor for minimizing insertion loss, and a second region for other functions. This segmentation allows each region to be optimized independently for its specific purpose
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design significantly reduces insertion loss by optimizing the surface roughness of the ground electrode's regions, achieving lower insertion loss and maintaining adhesion between the ground electrode and the multilayer body.
Implementation Method 1
because of the skin effect where electric currents flow near the surface of conductors at a high density, insertion loss of radio frequency signals decreases as the surface roughness of conductors decreases
Data Source
AI summary
The insertion loss of a multilayer substrate and an antenna element is reduced. A multilayer substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a multilayer body, a wire conductor, and a first ground electrode. The multilayer body is formed by dielectric layers being layered. The wire conductor is formed in the multilayer body, and a radio frequency signal passes through the wire conductor. The first ground electrode is formed in or on the multilayer body and includes a first surface that faces the wire conductor. The first surface includes a first region and a second region. The surface roughness of the first region is lower than the surface roughness of the second region. The first region overlaps at least part of the wire conductor in plan view in a direction normal to the first ground electrode.