Cryostat and quantum computing system having same
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Solution Overview
Problem
The development of large-scale quantum computers is hindered by the physical challenges of controlling multi-qubit systems, which require complex cabling, large cooling systems, and precise temperature control, especially in achieving low energy levels necessary for qubit detection.
Innovation Solution
A cryostat design featuring nested, temperature-controlled flanges arranged concentrically around a central axis, with each flange maintained at specific cryogenic target temperatures, forming multiple cooling stages, and allowing for modular expansion by aligning additional cryostats in series, facilitating efficient cooling and qubit control.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple stages of cooling and numerous RF cryogenic cables are used to achieve qubit detection at extremely low energy levels, then qubit detection capability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements nested flanges where each flange is positioned within and concentric to the previous flange, creating a compact multi-stage cooling structure. The first flange (302) contains the second flange (304), which contains the third flange (306), allowing multiple cooling stages to be integrated in a space-efficient manner while maintaining separate temperature zones for optimal qubit detection
Solution Approach 2:
The cooling system is divided into discrete temperature-controlled flanges, each maintaining a specific temperature zone. The first flange maintains a first temperature, the second flange maintains a second temperature, and the third flange maintains a third temperature, allowing independent control of each cooling stage to simplify the overall system architecture
2Adaptability or versatility
If numerous RF cryogenic cables of significant length are used to control multi-qubit systems, then qubit control capability is improved, but device complexity and cabling requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The nested flange structure provides integrated connection points at each temperature stage, allowing RF cables to be routed through the concentric flanges in an organized manner. This reduces cable length and complexity by providing structured pathways for signal transmission to multiple qubits without requiring extensive external cabling
3Measurement precision
If a large cooling system with multiple cooling stages is implemented, then qubit detection at low energy levels is improved, but system size and thermal management complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
By nesting the flanges concentrically, the patent achieves multiple cooling stages within a compact volume. The first flange (302) nested with the second flange (304) nested with the third flange (306) creates a space-efficient thermal management system that provides multiple temperature zones without requiring a large physical footprint
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enables effective cooling and control of qubits, allowing for scalable quantum computing systems with increased computational power while minimizing complexity and improving thermal management.
Implementation Method 1
the pumping system is operable to cool at least the intermediate flanges and the innermost flange to respective cryogenic target temperatures
Implementation Method 2
A quantum computing system may include a quantum processor, quantum hardware, and a dilution refrigerator
Data Source
AI summary
A cryostat, such as for a quantum computing system, includes a plurality of temperature-controlled flanges operable to be cooled to respective cryogenic target temperatures, the temperature-controlled flanges being nested one inside another and concentrically arranged about a central axis. The temperature-controlled flanges are radially spaced apart and define closed polygonal perimeters. The temperature-controlled flanges including an outermost flange defining a vacuum chamber, an innermost flange enclosing a central core of the cryostat, and intermediate flanges radially located between the innermost flange and the outermost flange. Each of the intermediate flanges surrounds one or more of the other temperature-controlled flanges. The outermost flange is maintained at a highest temperature, the innermost flange is maintained at a lowest temperature, and the intermediate flanges are maintained at respective intermediate temperatures less than the highest temperature and greater than the lowest temperature.