Oblique Field Lines in MRAM Arrays

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional thermally assisted switching (TAS) type MRAM devices have a limited write operation temperature window due to manufacturing variability and high ambient temperatures, leading to data loss and increased manufacturing costs, with existing solutions requiring complex temperature controllers and constrained writing speeds.

Innovation Solution

The use of oblique field lines in a series-interconnected MRAM array allows for self-referenced, multi-bit cells that operate independently, eliminating the need for external reference layers and expanding the temperature window, enabling faster writing and higher manufacturing yields while reducing costs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If conventional TAS MRAM devices are used with standard field line configurations, then the device structure is simple, but the temperature window for write operations is limited due to manufacturing variability and high ambient temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature window for write operationsVSAvoidmanufacturing variability
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the magnetic memory cells into series-interconnected units within columns, where each cell can be independently addressed and written using oblique field lines. This segmentation allows the write operation to be localized to specific cells without affecting others, expanding the effective temperature window by enabling precise control even under varying thermal conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces oblique field lines that extend in a third dimension (at an angle) rather than purely in-plane, adding a dimensional aspect to the magnetic field application. This oblique configuration creates unique magnetic field patterns that enhance write selectivity and effectiveness across a broader temperature range, overcoming limitations of conventional planar field line arrangements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Manufacturing precision

If conventional MRAM cells are used without series interconnection, then the cell structure is simple, but the bit density and tolerance to manufacturing variations are reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetolerance to manufacturing variationsVSAvoidcell interconnection structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple magnetic memory cells into series-interconnected columns, combining their magnetic properties and electrical characteristics. This merging approach enhances tolerance to manufacturing variations because the series configuration allows the system to function correctly even if individual cells have parameter variations, while also increasing bit density within the same physical footprint.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Speed

If standard word line configurations are used, then the device complexity is low, but the writing speed is constrained

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewriting speedVSAvoidfield line configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic field line configurations that can be selectively activated and deactivated based on which memory cells need to be written. The oblique field lines provide dynamic control over magnetic field application, allowing faster write operations by precisely targeting only the selected cells in series-interconnected columns, thereby increasing writing speed without requiring complex reconfiguration of the entire device.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

4Reliability

If conventional MRAM arrays are used without oblique field lines, then the manufacturing cost is lower, but the immunity to process and manufacturing variance is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimmunity to process varianceVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by configuring oblique field lines specifically for series-interconnected columns where they are most needed to achieve the desired magnetic field patterns. This localized approach enhances immunity to process variance in critical areas while avoiding unnecessary complexity in other parts of the device, thereby improving reliability without proportionally increasing manufacturing complexity across the entire device.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances the bit density and tolerance to manufacturing variations, allowing MRAM devices to function effectively under high ambient temperatures with improved writing speeds and reduced power consumption, and increased immunity to process and manufacturing variance.

Implementation Method 1

magnetic tunnel junctions having a strong magnetoresistance at ambient temperatures

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetoresistance: Magnetoresistance

Implementation Method 2

a write conductor positioned along one of the easy axis and the hard axis

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 3

Memory array including magnetic random access memory cells and oblique field lines

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic field generation: Magnetic Field

Data Source

PatentEP2742507B1Memory array including magnetic random access memory cells and oblique field lines
Publication Date: 2016.10.05 CROCUS TECHNOLOGY
  • EP2742507B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2742507B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2742507B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A memory device includes a first plurality of magnetic random access memory (MRAM) cells positioned along a first direction, and a first bit line electrically connected to the first plurality of MRAM cells, the bit line oriented in the first direction. The device includes a first plurality of field lines oriented in a second direction different from the first direction, the first plurality of field lines being spaced such that only a corresponding first one of the first plurality of MRAM cells is configurable by each of the first plurality of field lines. The device includes a second plurality of field lines oriented in a third direction different from the first direction and the second direction, the second plurality of field lines being spaced such that only a corresponding second one of the first plurality of MRAM cells is configurable by each of the second plurality of field lines.