Opaque Layer in LCD Semiconductor Array Substrate
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge in liquid crystal display (LCD) panels is to maintain high aperture ratio while preventing slanting light leakage caused by alignment offset during the assembly of color filter and TFT substrates, which degrades display quality.
Innovation Solution
A semiconductor array substrate with a planar layer containing an opaque layer, positioned beneath the pixel electrodes, is used to block backlight from passing through edge electric field regions at an angle, thereby preventing slanting light leakage and enhancing display contrast.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If the width of the black matrix is increased to block slanting light leakage, then light leakage is reduced, but the aperture ratio decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention introduces a new spatial dimension by adding an opaque layer within the planar layer structure. Instead of horizontally expanding the black matrix width, the solution vertically positions an opaque layer at a specific depth (within the planar layer) to block slanting light paths. This dimensional approach allows light blocking without sacrificing pixel electrode area, thereby maintaining aperture ratio while preventing light leakage.
Solution Approach 2:
The opaque layer is strategically positioned only in specific regions where needed - at the edges of pixel electrodes where slanting light leakage occurs. The opaque layer extends partially under pixel electrodes and between adjacent pixels, providing localized light blocking functionality. This selective positioning ensures light leakage prevention while minimizing impact on the overall aperture ratio.
2Area of moving object
If the area of pixel electrodes is increased to improve aperture ratio, then display brightness is improved, but alignment offset causes slanting light leakage
Solution Approach 1:
The opaque layer is positioned in advance within the planar layer structure to preemptively block potential slanting light paths. By placing the opaque layer during the substrate fabrication process (before assembly), the design anticipates and prevents alignment offset issues. The opaque layer acts as a pre-positioned barrier that compensates for potential misalignment between color filter and TFT substrates, ensuring that even with large pixel electrodes, light leakage is prevented.
Solution Approach 2:
The opaque layer serves as an intermediary element between the pixel electrodes and the external environment. It is embedded within the planar layer, which itself is part of the TFT substrate structure. This intermediary positioning allows the opaque layer to intercept slanting light before it can escape through misaligned regions, effectively mediating between the large pixel electrodes and the color filter substrate to prevent light leakage.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution effectively increases the aperture ratio and improves display quality by blocking slanting light leakage while maintaining high contrast, thus enhancing the optical efficiency of the LCD panel.
Implementation Method 1
The opaque layer disposed in the planar layer is substantially located beneath each gap for blocking a backlight from passing through the edge electric field regions along an angle
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel including a color filter substrate, a liquid crystal layer and a semiconductor array substrate is provided. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the two substrates. The semiconductor array substrate disposed at one side of the color filter substrate includes a transparent base, a planar layer, several pixel electrodes and an opaque layer. The pixel electrodes are arranged in an array on the planar layer, which covers the transparent base. Each two adjacent pixel electrodes are spaced by a gap. The opaque layer is disposed in the planar layer, and is located beneath each gap. The opaque layer having an extended portion disposed at two sides thereof is extended towards two sides of each gap to be under part of the pixel electrodes. The opaque layer is at least a half of the planar layer in thickness.