Optical Mirror Alignment via Actuated Support and Sensor Feedback
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Solution Overview
Problem
Optical telescopes, especially those in space, face misalignment issues due to vibrations, accelerations, and environmental changes, which are costly and difficult to correct, and traditional rigid supports increase weight and cost.
Innovation Solution
An optical apparatus with a first mirror, a second mirror, and supports that include actuators to adjust the second mirror's position, using light sources and alignment sensors to detect and correct misalignment, allowing for lighter supports and automatic re-alignment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If extremely rigid supports are used to fix optical elements into position, then misalignment is prevented, but weight of the telescope increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces static rigid supports with dynamic adjustable supports incorporating actuators. These actuators enable real-time adjustment of mirror positions to compensate for misalignment caused by vibrations, accelerations, and environmental changes, thereby maintaining alignment stability without requiring heavy rigid structures.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs alignment sensors to detect the positions of optical elements and provides feedback to a control system. This feedback loop enables automatic adjustment of mirror positions via actuators, ensuring continuous maintenance of proper alignment without heavy mechanical supports.
2Reliability
If manual re-alignment is performed in space, then optimal alignment can be restored, but cost and difficulty increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a self-aligning system where the telescope automatically detects and corrects its own misalignment. Alignment sensors monitor the positions of optical elements, and actuators automatically adjust mirror positions to restore optimal alignment, eliminating the need for costly and difficult manual intervention in space.
Solution Approach 2:
The system replaces manual mechanical adjustment with an automated electromechanical system. Sensors and actuators work together to automatically correct alignment issues, substituting the need for human operators to perform complex manual re-alignment operations in the space environment.
3Weight of moving object
If lighter support structures are used, then launch cost is reduced, but misalignment occurs more frequently
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs dynamic adjustable supports with actuators that can actively compensate for misalignment. This allows the use of lighter support structures while maintaining alignment stability through real-time positional adjustment of optical elements in response to environmental disturbances.
Solution Approach 2:
The system replaces heavy passive mechanical rigidification with active lightweight electromechanical adjustment systems. Sensors detect alignment deviations and actuators correct them, allowing light-weight supports to maintain alignment stability that would otherwise require heavy rigid structures.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables automatic and precise adjustment of the second mirror relative to the first mirror, reducing misalignment and weight, while maintaining optimal alignment without the need for heavy rigid supports, thus optimizing performance and reducing launch costs.
Implementation Method 1
at least one corresponding alignment sensor for detecting the beam of light reflected from said second mirror
Data Source
AI summary
An optical apparatus comprising a first mirror (12), a second mirror (14), and at least one support (30) for holding the second mirror in substantially a predetermined position relative to said first mirror (12), wherein said at least one support (30) comprises at least one actuator (32) arranged to adjust the position of the second mirror (14), and said optical apparatus further comprises at least one light source (40a-40-c) rigidly fixed to the first mirror (12) in a predetermined orientation for providing a beam of light (42a-42c) directed at said second mirror (14), at least one corresponding alignment sensor (46a-46c) for detecting the beam of light (44a-44c) reflected from said second mirror (14), and arranged to provide an output signal indicative of the position of the incident reflected beam, and a controller (50) arranged to receive said output signal, and to thereby control said actuator (32) to adjust the position of the second mirror (14).


