Opto-Inductive Coupling for Wireless Charging Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing wireless charging systems face delays in response times due to radio frequency modulation schemes, which are inadequate for dynamic recharging scenarios like electric vehicles in motion, leading to instability and potential system failures from overcharging or undercharging.
Innovation Solution
An opto-inductive control loop system that uses optical pulses to activate aligned coils on wide charging surfaces for ultra-fast wireless recharging and data communication, allowing precise control of energy transfer with response times improved by 2500 times compared to traditional systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If radio frequency modulation schemes are used for feedback control in wireless charging systems, then data communication and control are achieved, but response time is delayed (50 milliseconds to several hundred milliseconds)
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces radio frequency electromagnetic field-based modulation-demodulation systems with an optical system using visible light for communication and control. This substitution enables direct optical detection of coil alignment and wireless transmission of control signals, achieving microsecond-level response times compared to the millisecond delays of RF systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces optical elements (photoemitters and photodetectors) as intermediaries between the transmitter and receiver coils. These optical components serve as mediators that detect alignment and transmit control signals through light, enabling ultra-fast response times while maintaining the inductive coupling mechanism for power transfer.
2Measurement precision
If traditional RF modulation-demodulation systems are used, then data communication is achieved, but control precision during fast transients is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces RF-based control systems with an optical control system that uses visible light for both alignment detection and control signal transmission. This substitution provides microsecond-level response times and precise control during fast transients, enabling ultra-fast charging without sacrificing control accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a dynamic optical control system that can rapidly adjust to changing conditions during charging. The system uses optical feedback to continuously monitor and adjust coil alignment and power transfer parameters in real-time, enabling precise control during fast transients and dynamic charging scenarios.
3Reliability
If batteries are disconnected from main power rails when fully charged, then overcharge protection is achieved, but voltage spikes and system instability occur due to slow system response
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements an optical feedback control system where photodetectors detect control signals transmitted through light, enabling real-time monitoring of battery charge status and rapid adjustment of power transfer. This optical feedback loop provides microsecond-level response times, allowing the system to quickly react to battery disconnection events and prevent voltage spikes and instability.
4Measurement precision
If optical elements are integrated with inductive coils, then alignment detection and control are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges optical elements (photoemitters and photodetectors) with inductive coils into integrated assemblies. Each transmitter coil is paired with photoemitters, and each receiver coil is paired with photodetectors, creating unified components that perform both power transfer and optical communication functions, thereby reducing overall system complexity despite adding optical functionality.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables robust and safe ultra-fast wireless charging with microsecond response times, preventing over-voltage spikes and ensuring efficient energy delivery even during fast load transients, allowing electric vehicles and robots to recharge while in motion or standby.
Implementation Method 1
A method and apparatus based in an opto-inductive control loop, for ultra-fast wireless recharging batteries or powering applications
Implementation Method 2
utilize a way of optically activating only aligned coils in wide charging surfaces constituted by coil matrices
Implementation Method 3
wireless energy transfer between a power source with its transmitter inductive coils and a receiver part with its inductive coils
Data Source
AI summary
A wireless recharging system and method in which, by means of direct optical coupling, a matrix of coils and their respective LED lights or lasers interact transmitting and receiving light pulses and wireless power bursts in a fast control loop scheme, allowing precise current control and efficient energy transmission rates with integrated optical data communications in the same interface. An alignment mechanism in which in the matrix of coil transmitters only those receiving direct pulsed light are activated, keeping other coils off, extending the active charging surfaces and improving the overall efficiency, avoiding the requirement of precisely positioning wireless power receptors. A range of power transmission rates and the possibility of recharging different devices with different power requirements simultaneously while laying on top of the charging surface, acting also as an optical communication hub. Charging of vehicles while in motion due to the fast responsiveness of the optical communication.