Pantograph Gripper Fingers for Variable-Shape Component Handling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing industrial grippers struggle to adapt automatically to components with markedly different shapes and sizes while ensuring stability and simplicity, often requiring complex control systems.

Innovation Solution

A gripping device with pantograph linkage and wedge-shaped gripping fingers, featuring a cogged-belt inner surface and elastomeric material, allows for flexible adaptation to varying shapes and sizes without complex control, ensuring reliable operation and simplicity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a dedicated configuration gripper is used for specific piece shapes and sizes, then gripping stability is improved, but adaptability to different shapes and sizes deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegripping stabilityVSAvoidadaptability to different shapes and sizes
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The gripping device employs two pantograph linkages that can dynamically adjust their configuration angles independently, allowing the gripper to adapt its geometry to match different piece shapes and sizes while maintaining stable gripping contact points

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The device changes geometric parameters (configuration angles of the pantograph linkages) to adapt to different gripping requirements. By varying the angles α and β, the gripper can optimize its geometry for each specific piece while maintaining reliable contact

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If a gripper with high adaptability to different shapes and sizes is designed, then operating flexibility is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperating flexibilityVSAvoidstructure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The pantograph linkage mechanism serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides structural support, enables geometric adaptation to different piece sizes and shapes, and maintains stable contact points. This multi-functionality achieves high adaptability without proportionally increasing complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The gripping device is divided into modular pantograph linkages with articulated segments that can independently adjust their configuration angles, allowing complex adaptation behavior through simple modular components rather than a monolithic complex structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Adaptability or versatility

If automatic adaptation to different piece geometries is implemented, then operating flexibility is improved, but control system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveautomatic adaptation capabilityVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The pantograph linkages perform automatic geometric adaptation through their own mechanical degrees of freedom without requiring external control systems. The mechanism self-adjusts its configuration based on the piece geometry it encounters, eliminating the need for complex sensors, actuators, and control algorithms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

4Reliability

If gripping arms are designed to maintain parallel configuration during movement, then gripping stability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegripping stabilityVSAvoidlinkage mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The pantograph linkages dynamically maintain the parallel configuration of gripping arms during movement through their articulated structure. This dynamic constraint maintenance achieves stable gripping without requiring complex active control mechanisms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The device provides high operating flexibility and reliability in gripping components with diverse shapes and sizes, minimizing collision risks and facilitating pick-and-place operations with reduced complexity.

Implementation Method 1

Each gripping arm 4 includes a proximal portion, designated as a whole by the reference number 6, configured in the form of a pantograph linkage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPantograph mechanism: Pantograph

Implementation Method 2

the body of the distal portion of each gripping arm is in the form of a gripping finger, having a wedge-shaped configuration

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectWedge principle: Wedge

Implementation Method 3

the body of the gripping finger 7 is a full piece consisting of elastomeric material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Implementation Method 4

the wall defining the aforesaid inner, gripping, surface is in the form of a cogged-belt portion

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP4514569B1Gripping device for handling pieces or components having variable shapes and sizes
Publication Date: 2026.03.04 CENTRO RICERCHE FIAT SCPA
  • EP4514569B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4514569B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4514569B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A gripping device (1), which can be used, for example, on a robot for handling pieces or components (P) that have variable shapes and sizes, comprises a main supporting structure (2), defining a main axis (3) of the device, and a plurality of gripping arms (4), each of which includes a first, proximal, arm portion (6) and a second, distal, arm portion (7). Each gripping arm (4) constitutes a modular unit, which can be assembled as a whole on the main supporting structure (2). The proximal arm portion (6) is a pantograph linkage configured in such a way that, during a movement of articulation of the proximal arm portion (6), the distal arm portion (7) remains parallel to itself. The electric motor (M) associated to each gripping arm (4) is arranged with its axis parallel to the main axis (3). The pantograph linkage (6) is controlled by the respective electric driving motor (M) by means of a screw/nut-screw system. The distal portion (7) of each gripping arm (4) comprises a body made of a single piece of elastomeric material, in the form of a gripping finger.