PD-L2 Marker Detection for Senescent Cell Elimination

Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for detecting and eliminating damaged and senescent cells are not specific and often induce cytotoxic side-effects, lacking a universally accepted standard for identification and being ineffective in treating chronic diseases without harming healthy cells.

Innovation Solution

The method involves detecting and inhibiting the PD-L2/PD-1 signaling pathway, utilizing PD-L2 upregulation as a marker for identifying senescent cells and using antagonists to breach immunotolerance and enhance immune clearance of these cells without cytotoxic effects.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If current methods are used to eliminate damaged and senescent cells, then cell elimination is achieved, but cytotoxic side-effects occur and healthy cells are harmed

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvespecificity of cell eliminationVSAvoidcytotoxic side-effects

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by targeting PD-L2 expression specifically on damaged and senescent cells rather than using blanket cytotoxic approaches. The method detects PD-L2 upregulation as a marker and delivers targeted elimination only to cells exhibiting this local molecular characteristic, preserving healthy cells that do not express PD-L2 at elevated levels.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses PD-L2 as an intermediary marker to identify and target damaged and senescent cells. Rather than directly attacking all cells, the system employs PD-L2 expression levels as an intermediary signal to distinguish pathogenic cells from healthy ones, enabling selective elimination without broad cytotoxicity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If current detection methods are used for damaged and senescent cells, then cell identification is attempted, but measurement precision is insufficient and no universally accepted standard exists

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveaccuracy of senescent cell identificationVSAvoidlack of standardized detection system

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent establishes a universal detection standard based on PD-L2 expression that can be applied across multiple disease contexts and cell types. This single marker serves multiple functions: identifying senescent cells, monitoring disease progression, and guiding therapeutic intervention, replacing the need for multiple context-specific detection methods.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes parameter changes in PD-L2 expression levels as cells transition to a senescent state. By measuring the upregulation of PD-L2 as a quantitative parameter, the method achieves precise identification of senescent cells based on this molecular signature, providing an objective and reproducible measurement standard.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If damaged and senescent cells are not eliminated, then chronic diseases progress, but eliminating cells without specificity causes harm to healthy tissue

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveeffectiveness of disease treatmentVSAvoiddamage to healthy cells

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by targeting PD-L2 expression specifically on damaged and senescent cells rather than using blanket cytotoxic approaches. The method detects PD-L2 upregulation as a marker and delivers targeted elimination only to cells exhibiting this local molecular characteristic, preserving healthy cells that do not express PD-L2 at elevated levels.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses PD-L2 as an intermediary marker to identify and target damaged and senescent cells. Rather than directly attacking all cells, the system employs PD-L2 expression levels as an intermediary signal to distinguish pathogenic cells from healthy ones, enabling selective elimination without broad cytotoxicity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentUS20240344128A1Identification and elimination of damaged and/or senescent cells

Publication Date: 2024.10.17 FUNDACION CENTRO NATIONAL DE INVESTIGACIONES ONCOLGICAS CARLOS III

AI summary

Identification and elimination of damaged and/or senescent cells.This invention relates to methods of detecting cells over-expressing of Programmed Death Ligand 2 (PD-L2), in particular, damaged and/or senescent cells, and the identification thereof. The invention also extends to the use of antagonists of Programmed Death Ligand 2 (PD-L2) and Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) interaction, or inhibitors of PD-1 or PD-L2 expression to eliminate damaged and/or senescent cells, which are involved in numerous pathologies and aging, and are also produced as a result of exposure to toxic substances.