Metal Oxide-Perovskite Core-Shell Oxygen Carriers for Chemical Looping
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional solar thermal splitting methods for producing hydrogen and carbon monoxide require high temperatures, leading to high energy consumption and stability issues with oxygen carrier particles, while existing oxygen carrier materials either suffer from sintering or low oxygen-carrying capacity.
Innovation Solution
Development of oxygen carrier particles with a metal oxide-perovskite core-shell structure, where a metal oxide core is surrounded by a perovskite shell, enhancing stability and oxygen-carrying capacity, and a method involving mixing metal oxide nanoparticle suspensions with chelate solutions containing perovskite precursors, calcining, and powdering to produce high-yield hydrogen and carbon monoxide through chemical-looping thermochemical splitting.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional solar thermal splitting is used to reduce metal oxide, then hydrogen and carbon monoxide can be produced, but very high temperature (1,200°C or higher) is required leading to high energy consumption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a core-shell composite structure where metal oxide nanoparticles (core) are coated with perovskite shell. This composite structure enables the system to function at lower temperatures (800-900°C) while maintaining high hydrogen production efficiency, resolving the contradiction between productivity and energy consumption
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the operational temperature parameter from conventional high temperature (1,200°C+) to optimized lower temperature (800-900°C) through the use of perovskite-coated oxygen carrier particles, thereby reducing energy consumption while maintaining effective hydrogen production
2Quantity of substance
If metal oxide oxygen carriers are used in chemical-looping thermochemical splitting, then oxygen-carrying capacity is high (about 30 wt%), but sintering occurs at relatively low operating temperature causing particle inactivation
Solution Approach 1:
The perovskite shell is applied locally around the metal oxide core, providing thermal stability protection where needed (at the particle surface exposed to high temperature) while preserving the high oxygen-carrying capacity of the metal oxide core, thus resolving the contradiction between oxygen-carrying capacity and particle stability
Solution Approach 2:
The core-shell composite structure combines metal oxide (providing high oxygen-carrying capacity) with perovskite (providing thermal stability and sintering resistance), enabling the system to maintain both high oxygen-carrying capacity and particle reliability under operating conditions
3Reliability
If perovskite oxygen carriers are used to improve thermal stability, then sintering resistance is high, but oxygen-carrying capacity is low (about 10 wt%)
Solution Approach 1:
The perovskite is applied as a thin shell layer (3-10 nm thickness) on the metal oxide core, providing sufficient thermal stability and sintering resistance while minimizing the volume occupied by perovskite, thereby preserving the high oxygen-carrying capacity of the metal oxide core
Solution Approach 2:
The composite structure allows perovskite to provide thermal stability functions while metal oxide core provides oxygen-carrying capacity, achieving both high reliability and high oxygen-carrying capacity simultaneously
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The metal oxide-perovskite core-shell structure oxygen carrier particles demonstrate improved stability and activity, enabling efficient production of hydrogen and carbon monoxide at lower temperatures with increased oxygen-carrying capacity, overcoming the limitations of previous materials and processes.
Implementation Method 1
a reducing agent such as methane, carbon monoxide or hydrogen is used to generate oxygen vacancies on the surface of oxygen carrier particles
Implementation Method 2
a process in which a reducing agent such as methane, carbon monoxide or hydrogen is used to generate oxygen vacancies on the surface of oxygen carrier particles
Implementation Method 3
the reduced metal oxide is re-oxidized by exposure to a water or carbon dioxide atmosphere, thus producing hydrogen or carbon monoxide
Implementation Method 4
the reduced oxygen carrier particles are re-oxidized by exposure to water/carbon dioxide to produce hydrogen/carbon monoxide
Implementation Method 5
the metal oxide may improve sintering resistance while having structural stability
Implementation Method 6
oxygen carrier particles having a metal oxide-perovskite core-shell structure in which a metal oxide is surrounded by a perovskite-structured material
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to: oxygen carrier particles having a metal oxide-perovskite core-shell structure; and a chemical-looping thermochemical water/carbon dioxide splitting process using the same. By using the oxygen carrier particles having a metal oxide-perovskite core-shell structure in the chemical-looping thermochemical water/carbon dioxide splitting process, it is possible to produce hydrogen/carbon monoxide from water/carbon dioxide in high yield by efficiently overcoming the disadvantages of conventionally used oxygen carrier particles.