Perovskite Solar Cell Intermediate Layer Blocks Dopant Diffusion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Photoelectric conversion elements, such as solar cells, face challenges in increasing conversion efficiency and endurance due to dopant diffusion from carrier transport layers into perovskite layers, leading to degradation over time.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating an intermediate layer with dopant blocking properties between the photoelectric conversion layer and the carrier transport layer, utilizing materials like metal oxides and thiocyanates to suppress dopant diffusion, thereby enhancing the durability and efficiency of the photoelectric conversion element.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If dopant is added to carrier transport layer to improve charge transport, then charge transport efficiency is improved, but dopant diffuses into perovskite layer causing degradation
Solution Approach 1:
An intermediate layer is introduced between the perovskite photoelectric conversion layer and the carrier transport layer. This intermediate layer acts as a barrier to prevent dopant diffusion from the carrier transport layer into the perovskite layer, while still allowing charge transport functionality. The intermediate layer specifically blocks harmful dopant migration while maintaining device performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The carrier transport layer is divided into two separate layers: an intermediate layer adjacent to the perovskite layer and an outer carrier transport layer containing the dopant. This segmentation isolates the dopant-containing layer from direct contact with the perovskite, preventing dopant diffusion while preserving charge transport capabilities.
2Productivity
If carrier transport layer with dopant is used to enhance charge extraction, then charge extraction efficiency is improved, but conversion efficiency degrades over time
Solution Approach 1:
The intermediate layer serves as a protective barrier that prevents dopant contamination of the perovskite layer, thereby maintaining long-term conversion efficiency stability. Meanwhile, the outer carrier transport layer with dopant ensures efficient charge extraction, achieving both high productivity and reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
By segmenting the carrier transport function across two layers, the patent achieves both high charge extraction efficiency (via dopant in outer layer) and long-term stability (by isolating perovskite from dopant through intermediate layer).
Data Source
AI summary
According to one embodiment, a photoelectric conversion element includes a photoelectric conversion layer, a first layer and an intermediate layer. The photoelectric conversion layer includes a material having a perovskite structure. The first layer includes a first substance and a second substance. The intermediate layer is provided between the photoelectric conversion layer and the first layer. A concentration of the second substance in the first layer is lower than a concentration of the first substance in the first layer.