Perpendicular Parking With Active Rear Axle Steering
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing parking systems for perpendicular parking spaces lack efficiency in navigating vehicles into tight spaces, often requiring multiple maneuvers and risking vehicle swerving due to inadequate rear axle steering control.
Innovation Solution
A method utilizing active rear axle steering that combines opposite and same-direction steering of front and rear wheels to optimize vehicle trajectory, allowing for a single, continuous parking maneuver without gear changes, and a computer program to guide the vehicle semi-autonomously or autonomously using a parking assistant system.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If rear wheels are steered in the same direction as front wheels during perpendicular parking, then lateral distance to parking space delimiting elements is optimized, but the turning radius increases making it difficult to enter narrow spaces
Solution Approach 1:
The parking maneuver is divided into two distinct phases: a first phase where front and rear wheels are steered in opposite directions to achieve a tight turning radius for entering the parking space, and a second phase where both wheels are steered in the same direction to optimize lateral positioning. This segmentation allows each phase to optimize for its specific objective without compromise.
Solution Approach 2:
The steering configuration is dynamically changed during the parking maneuver. The system transitions from a static same-direction steering mode to a dynamic sequence where steering directions are reversed between phases. This dynamic adaptation allows the vehicle to achieve both tight turning and proper lateral positioning by adjusting the steering mode according to the maneuver stage.
2Ease of operation
If multiple parking maneuvers are attempted to reach the target position, then the vehicle can adjust to different positions, but the parking process time increases and efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary positioning in the first phase by steering front and rear wheels in opposite directions, which pre-establishes the correct lateral distance to parking space delimiting elements before the final positioning phase. This preliminary action eliminates the need for corrective maneuvers afterward, reducing total parking time while maintaining flexibility.
Solution Approach 2:
The parking maneuver is executed as a continuous two-phase process without interruptions or gear changes. The transition from opposite-direction steering to same-direction steering is seamless, maintaining continuous useful action throughout the maneuver. This continuity eliminates time losses associated with multiple discrete attempts while preserving the flexibility to reach the target position.
3Device complexity
If rear axle steering is not activated, then the system complexity is reduced, but the vehicle cannot achieve tight turns or optimized lateral positioning in narrow parking spaces
Solution Approach 1:
The rear axle steering system serves multiple functions: it enables tight turns during the first phase by steering opposite to the front wheels, and optimizes lateral positioning during the second phase by steering in the same direction as the front wheels. This multi-functionality justifies the added complexity, as a single system accomplishes what would otherwise require multiple separate mechanisms or manual maneuvering attempts.
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a method for carrying out a parking operation of a vehicle (1) in a perpendicular parking space (2), wherein the vehicle (1) has steerable front wheels by means of a front axle steering system and steerable rear wheels by means of a rear axle steering system, comprising the steps of guiding the vehicle (1) from a starting position (4) for the parking operation to a reference position (9) along a first section of the route (7), wherein the guidance of the vehicle (1) along the first section of the route (7) is carried out with oppositely set steering angles of the front wheels and rear wheels, and of guiding the vehicle (1) from the reference position (9) to a target position (5) in the perpendicular parking space (2) along a second section of the route (8), wherein the guidance of the vehicle (1) along at least a subsection of the second section of the route (8) is carried out with the steering angles of the front wheels and rear wheels set in the same direction.Furthermore, a computer program and a parking assistant are specified which are set up to carry out the procedure, as well as a vehicle (1) with such a parking assistant.