Pneumococcal Polysaccharide–Protein Conjugates for Expanded Serotype Coverage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing vaccines fail to effectively prevent infections caused by non-vaccine serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae, such as serotypes 2, 9N, 17F, and 20, and there is a need for a broader protection range and a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine with excellent antibody titer.
Innovation Solution
A multivalent immunogenic composition comprising Streptococcus pneumoniae polysaccharide-protein conjugates, including capsular polysaccharides from serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 8, 9N, 9V, 10A, 11A, 12F, 14, 15B, 17F, 18C, 19A, 19F, 20, 22F, 23F, and 33F, conjugated with carrier proteins like TT or CRM197, with specific molecular weights, ratios, and degrees of oxidation to enhance immunogenicity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If polysaccharide vaccines are used for Streptococcus pneumoniae prevention, then elderly and high-risk patients are protected, but infants and children do not have an immune response due to T-cell independent immune response limitation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines polysaccharide antigens with carrier proteins to create conjugate vaccines. This composite structure transforms the T-cell independent immune response into a T-cell dependent response, enabling infants and children to develop immunological memory and produce antibodies against Streptococcus pneumoniae, while maintaining protection for elderly and high-risk patients
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the immunological parameter by conjugating polysaccharides with proteins, which alters the immune response type from T-cell independent to T-cell dependent. This parameter change enables the vaccine to be effective across different age groups, particularly making it suitable for infants and children who previously did not respond to polysaccharide vaccines
2Reliability
If existing conjugate vaccines (Prevnar, Prevnar 13, Synflorix) are introduced, then diseases caused by vaccine serotypes are reduced, but diseases caused by non-vaccine serotypes increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a multivalent conjugate vaccine that covers both previously included serotypes and newly emerging non-vaccine serotypes. By incorporating multiple serotypes (including 2, 9N, 17F, 20, 8, 12F, 23A, 23B, 15A/15B/15C, 31, 33F, 7C) into a single vaccine formulation, it provides universal protection against a broad spectrum of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains, addressing both vaccine-type and non-vaccine-type diseases
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides an immunogenic composition comprising a Streptococcus pneumoniae polysaccharide-protein conjugate, comprising a capsular polysaccharide derived from one or more selected from the group consisting of serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 8, 9N, 9V, 10A, 11A, 12F, 14, 15B, 17F, 18C, 19A, 19F, 20, 22F, 23F, and 33F, derived from Streptococcus pneumoniae; and one or 2 or more of carrier proteins conjugated to the respective capsular polysaccharide, and method of preparation thereof. Through one example of the present invention, an immunogenic composition for preventing or treating pneumococcal infection can be provided.