Polymer-Coated CO2 Absorbent Composition for Respiratory Hypercapnia
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing carbon dioxide removal methods for respiratory diseases in mammals are either caustic or toxic, limiting their use in vivo, and there is a need for a non-drug-releasing, effective means to decrease carbon dioxide concentration in the body.
Innovation Solution
A composition comprising 10 wt % to 99 wt % of carbon dioxide absorbents like inorganic hydroxides, molecular sieves, zeolites, zinc ions, deep eutectic solvents, and silica, combined with 1 wt % to 90 wt % of polymeric coatings such as silicone rubber or cellulose derivatives, for oral administration to treat respiratory diseases.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If caustic carbon dioxide absorbers (sodalime, amsorb, baralyme) are used, then carbon dioxide removal efficiency is improved, but toxicity and harm to the body increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a biocompatible polymer coating as an intermediary layer between the caustic carbon dioxide absorber and the body tissues. This coating allows carbon dioxide to pass through to the absorber while preventing direct contact between the caustic material and the body, thus maintaining high removal efficiency while eliminating toxicity. The coating acts as a selective barrier that mediates the interaction between the harmful absorber and the biological system.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a thin polymeric film or coating encapsulating the carbon dioxide absorber particles. This flexible shell structure provides a physical barrier that prevents harmful substances from reaching body tissues while allowing gas permeability for carbon dioxide removal. The thin film design maintains effectiveness while ensuring biocompatibility for oral or inhalation administration.
2Reliability
If mechanical ventilation is used to treat chronic hypercapnia, then respiratory symptoms are relieved, but patient mobility and quality of life are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables the patient's own digestive system to serve as the site for carbon dioxide removal by administering the coated absorber orally. The absorber works autonomously in the gastrointestinal tract to remove excess carbon dioxide produced during metabolism, eliminating the need for external mechanical ventilation equipment. This self-service approach restores patient mobility and quality of life while maintaining reliable carbon dioxide control.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical ventilation system with a chemical absorption system based on carbonate buffer chemistry in the digestive tract. Instead of using mechanical devices to force air in and out of the lungs, the system uses chemical reactions between the absorber and carbon dioxide in the gastrointestinal tract, converting a mechanical life-support system into a chemical therapy that is less intrusive and more convenient for chronic patients.
3Productivity
If extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal is used, then carbon dioxide elimination is achieved, but chemo- and biocompatibility problems arise
Solution Approach 1:
The biocompatible polymer coating serves as an intermediary barrier that allows carbon dioxide to reach the absorber while preventing direct contact between the absorber material and body fluids or tissues. This intermediary layer resolves the biocompatibility issue while maintaining effective carbon dioxide elimination, as the coating is designed to be non-toxic and physiologically compatible.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of the carbon dioxide absorber by coating it with a biocompatible polymer. This modification alters the surface properties and chemical composition of the absorber, making it compatible with biological systems while preserving its carbon dioxide absorption capabilities. The coating transforms an incompatible material into a biocompatible therapeutic agent.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition effectively reduces carbon dioxide concentration in the body, improving respiratory health without causing harm, with absorption kinetics suitable for in vivo use.
Implementation Method 1
a polymeric coating selected from the group consisting of silicone rubber obtained from liquid silicone rubber and cellulose derivative
Implementation Method 2
10 wt % to 99 wt % of carbon dioxide absorbent or adsorbent
Implementation Method 3
10 wt % to 99 wt % of carbon dioxide absorbent or adsorbent
Data Source
AI summary
A method of treating an acute or chronic respiratory disease in a mammalian subject which includes the step of orally administering to the mammalian subject, a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition including(a) 10 wt % to 99 wt % of a carbon dioxide absorbent or adsorbent, wherein the carbon dioxide absorbent or adsorbent is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, molecular sieves, zeolites, zinc (ii) ions, deep eutectic solvents and silica; and(b) 1 wt % to 90 wt % of a polymeric coating on the carbon dioxide absorbent or adsorbent or of a polymeric material encapsulating the carbon dioxide absorbent or adsorbent and selected from the group consisting of silicone rubber obtained from liquid silicone rubber and a cellulose derivative selected from the group consisting of a cellulose ester, regenerated cellulose and a water insoluble cellulose ether.