Nonabsorbable Polyurethane Bone Cement for Tissue-Safe Fracture Repair
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current bone cements, such as PMMA, pose challenges due to exothermic reactions that can damage surrounding tissue and are difficult to apply, often becoming slippery and sticking to medical equipment, leading to polymer misapplication and damage during implantation.
Innovation Solution
A sterile, settable, nonabsorbable polyurethane-based composition comprising two reactive putties that mix at room or body temperature, forming a hardened polyurethane, polyureaurethane, or polyetherurethane form, with putty A containing a polyisocyanate, polyol, non-hydrolysable crosslinker, and particulate material, and putty B containing a polyisocyanate, polyamine, nonabsorbable crosslinker, and particulate material, which can be hand-mixed and applied to stabilize bone fractures or sternotomy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If PMMA bone cement is used, then bone anchoring function is achieved, but exothermic reaction damages surrounding tissue
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by replacing PMMA with polyurethane-based materials that have different reaction characteristics. The polyisocyanate and polyol components are formulated to react at lower temperatures, fundamentally altering the thermal parameters of the bone cement system to eliminate tissue-damaging exothermic reactions while maintaining setting and anchoring functions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potentially harmful exothermic reaction into a beneficial low-temperature setting process. By using polyurethane chemistry, the reaction heat is reduced to a level that benefits tissue compatibility while still providing sufficient energy for cement setting and implant anchoring, thus transforming a harmful thermal effect into a beneficial low-heat curing process.
2Ease of operation
If liquid bone cement is used for easy application, then ease of operation is improved, but material becomes slippery and sticks to equipment causing misapplication
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by incorporating filler materials and viscosity modifiers into the bone cement formulation before application. These pre-added components adjust the rheological properties to provide optimal viscosity and adhesion characteristics, preventing the cement from becoming overly slippery or sticking excessively to equipment, thus ensuring reliable and accurate application from the outset.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite materials by combining polyisocyanate, polyol, fillers (such as bone meal, calcium sulfate, or bioceramics), and optional collagen or gelatin. This composite formulation provides a balance between workability and handling properties, where the filler particles increase viscosity and reduce slipperiness while the polymer matrix maintains adequate flow for application, eliminating the extremes of too liquid or too sticky.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition provides a stable, nonabsorbable bone cement that eliminates the drawbacks of existing cements by maintaining handling properties and preventing tissue damage, allowing for effective bone repair and reconstruction without hydrolytic degradation.
Implementation Method 1
the reaction of the at least two components forming a nonabsorbable and settable hemostatic putty composition
Data Source
AI summary
Provided herein are settable, nonabsorbable bone hemostatic and adhesive compositions for use in surgical procedures comprising a variety of disclosed particles. Also provided are related compositions, including surgical kits and packages, as well as methods of making and using the compositions.