Polyurethane Coatings with 1,1-Di-Activated Vinyl Compounds
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current coating compositions for multi-layer coatings on metal substrates face challenges in achieving low cure temperatures and novel curing mechanisms while maintaining improved coating properties, such as abrasion and chemical resistance.
Innovation Solution
A coating crosslinker composition comprising a polyisocyanate compound and a 1,1-di-activated vinyl compound, or its multifunctional form, which reacts with a polyol resin to form a stable crosslinked layer, providing a multi-cure mechanism through self-polymerization and Michael addition reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If conventional coating compositions are used for multi-layer coatings on metal substrates, then standard curing mechanisms are achieved, but high cure temperatures are required and coating properties such as abrasion and chemical resistance are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the coating composition by incorporating 1,1-di-activated vinyl compounds (such as methylene dicarbonyl compounds, dihalo vinyl compounds, or dihaloalkyl disubstituted vinyl compounds) that enable curing at lower temperatures through alternative reaction mechanisms including self-polymerization and Michael addition reactions, thereby reducing the cure temperature while maintaining or improving coating properties
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite curing system that combines polyisocyanate compounds with 1,1-di-activated vinyl compounds to form a multi-component coating composition that leverages multiple curing mechanisms (isocyanate-polyol reactions, self-polymerization of vinyl compounds, and Michael addition reactions), resulting in a composite material that cures at lower temperatures while achieving enhanced coating properties
2Reliability
If conventional curing mechanisms are used, then standard cure processes are achieved, but low cure temperatures and novel curing mechanisms are not realized
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies multi-functionality by designing a coating composition that can undergo multiple curing mechanisms (isocyanate-polyol step-growth polymerization, self-polymerization of 1,1-di-activated vinyl compounds, and Michael addition reactions) within a single system, allowing the same coating composition to adapt to different curing conditions and achieve reliable curing through multiple pathways
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables the formation of coatings with enhanced scratch resistance, distinctness of image, and improved physical properties, including reduced surface texture and increased gloss retention, while allowing for lower curing temperatures.
Implementation Method 1
The 1,1-di-activated vinyl compound, or its multifunctional form, or a combination thereof, wherein the 1,1-di-activated vinyl compound comprises a methylene dicarbonyl compound, a dihalo vinyl compound, or a dihaloalkyl disubstituted vinyl compound
Implementation Method 2
A coating crosslinker composition comprising a polyisocyanate compound and a 1,1-di-activated vinyl compound, or its multifunctional form, which reacts with a polyol resin to form a stable crosslinked layer, providing a multi-cure mechanism through self-polymerization and Michael addition reactions
Data Source
AI summary
Polyisocyanate-cured coating compositions containing 1,1-di-activated vinyl compounds are described. Also provided are coatings formed from coating compositions comprising 1,1-di-activated vinyl compounds, including multi-layer coatings. Also provided are processes for coating substrates with coating compositions comprising 1,1-di-activated vinyl compounds. Also provided are articles employing the coatings described herein.