Biodegradable Polyurethane Tissue Adhesive with Reactive Groups
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current tissue-adhesive materials for medical applications, such as Hemopatch and Tachosil, face issues with water resistance and mechanical stability, and fibrin-based sealants pose risks of disease transmission and ineffective postoperative outcomes.
Innovation Solution
Development of a biodegradable tissue-adhesive polyurethane polymer with an amorphous segment and polyurethane segment containing tissue-reactive functional groups, such as N-hydroxysuccinimide esters, that forms covalent bonds with tissue, providing both adhesive and structural support without the need for additional polymers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If biological polymers (collagen, gelatin, fibrin) are used as tissue-adhesive materials, then tissue-adhesive properties are achieved, but water resistance and mechanical stability deteriorate due to rapid hydrolysis and degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines polyurethane polymer (providing mechanical stability and water resistance) with tissue-reactive functional groups (providing tissue-adhesive properties). This composite approach integrates the advantages of synthetic polymers (strength, water resistance) with the adhesive capabilities of biologically active groups, resolving the contradiction between adhesion and stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the chemical parameters of polyurethane by incorporating tissue-reactive functional groups (such as N-hydroxysuccinimide esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, epoxides, isocyanates, vinyl sulfones, maleimides, thiols, or o-pyridyl-disulfides). This parameter change enables the inert polyurethane to acquire tissue-adhesive properties while maintaining its inherent stability and water resistance.
2Reliability
If fibrin-based sealants are used for tissue adhesion, then tissue-adhesive properties are achieved, but safety deteriorates due to potential disease transmission and immune responses
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses synthetic polyurethane polymer instead of biological fibrin derived from human or animal blood. This synthetic alternative eliminates the risk of disease transmission and immune responses associated with biological materials, while still providing effective tissue-adhesive properties through functional groups that form covalent bonds with tissue.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces tissue-reactive functional groups as intermediaries between the synthetic polyurethane and the tissue. These functional groups (such as N-hydroxysuccinimide esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, epoxides, isocyanates, vinyl sulfones, maleimides, thiols, or o-pyridyl-disulfides) mediate the bonding process by forming covalent bonds with tissue components, enabling adhesion without requiring biological fibrin.
3Strength
If polyurethane is used for mechanical strength, then structural support is achieved, but tissue-adhesive properties are lost due to lack of tissue-reactive functionality
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical parameters of polyurethane by incorporating tissue-reactive functional groups (such as N-hydroxysuccinimide esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, epoxides, isocyanates, vinyl sulfones, maleimides, thiols, or o-pyridyl-disulfides). This parameter change enables the inert polyurethane to acquire tissue-adhesive properties while maintaining its inherent strength and mechanical stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite polyurethane structure that combines the mechanical strength of polyurethane polymer chains with the adhesive functionality of tissue-reactive groups. This composite approach allows the material to simultaneously provide structural support and tissue adhesion, resolving the contradiction between strength and adhesive properties.
4Reliability
If mechanical fixation (stapling and suture) is used to secure devices, then fixation is achieved, but device complexity and surgical time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the polyurethane device itself adhesive through incorporation of tissue-reactive functional groups, eliminating the need for separate fixation mechanisms such as staples or sutures. The device adheres to tissue autonomously through covalent bonding, reducing surgical complexity and time while maintaining reliable fixation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the functions of structural support and fixation into a single polyurethane device by incorporating tissue-reactive functional groups. This integration eliminates the need for separate fixation components, simplifying the overall device structure and surgical procedure while maintaining effective fixation capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The polyurethane polymer demonstrates strong tissue-adhesion and resistance to bodily fluids, effectively sealing wounds and preventing bleeding during and after surgery, with improved safety and efficacy compared to existing materials.
Implementation Method 1
at least one of said polyurethane segment comprises a tissue-reactive functional group
Data Source
AI summary
The invention is directed to a biodegradable tissue-adhesive polyurethane polymer comprising at least one amorphous segment and at least one polyurethane segment, wherein at least one of said polyurethane segment comprises a tissue-reactive functional group. A further aspect of the invention is directed to biodegradable tissue-adhesive medical devices, based on the polyurethane polymer, having the structure of a sheet, foam, stent, tube or gel. The polyurethane polymer and the device can be used in medical application.