Position Measuring Device Grid Scale Absolute Encoding

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing position measuring devices face challenges with low tolerance for relative displacements and rotations, complex image processing, and susceptibility to contamination, particularly in single-track systems with limited resolution and compact designs.

Innovation Solution

A position measuring device with a single track scale featuring a grid of strip elements with periodic structures for absolute position coding, utilizing a two-dimensional detector arrangement to generate phase-shifted incremental signals and absolute position signals, ensuring high-resolution measurements and robustness against contamination.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a single-track system with a compact design is used, then the device complexity is reduced and mounting tolerances are improved, but the measurement precision and resolution are worsened

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem structureVSAvoidabsolute position measurement resolution
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from one-dimensional incremental encoding to two-dimensional absolute position encoding by arranging structural elements in a grid pattern with rows and columns. The row index provides coarse absolute position information while the column index provides fine resolution, achieving high-resolution absolute measurement within a compact single-track design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The measurement track is segmented into multiple independent reading fields arranged in a grid pattern. Each reading field contains structural elements that can be independently detected, allowing the system to determine absolute position through combinatorial encoding of row and column indices while maintaining a compact single-track structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Measurement precision

If a multi-track system with separate absolute and incremental tracks is used, then the measurement precision is improved, but the device complexity and mounting tolerance requirements are worsened

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveabsolute position determination accuracyVSAvoidmulti-track structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges absolute position encoding and incremental measurement functions into a single integrated track. The grid-patterned structural elements simultaneously provide absolute position information through their two-dimensional arrangement and incremental position information through their periodic variation along the measurement direction, eliminating the need for separate multi-track structures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The single track with grid-patterned structural elements serves multiple functions: it provides absolute position encoding through the two-dimensional grid arrangement, incremental position measurement through periodic variations, and serves as both the scale and the reference structure, replacing the need for separate absolute and incremental tracks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Device complexity

If a single-track system with a very small scanning field is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the susceptibility to contamination is worsened

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesingle-track designVSAvoidcontamination susceptibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent expands the scanning field by utilizing two-dimensional grid-patterned structural elements instead of one-dimensional patterns. This allows the scanning unit to read multiple reading fields simultaneously or sequentially across a larger area, reducing susceptibility to contamination while maintaining the simplicity of a single-track design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

4Ease of operation

If conventional single-track systems are used, then the mounting tolerances are improved, but the signal generation is susceptible to interference and contamination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemounting and operating tolerancesVSAvoidsignal generation robustness
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The track is segmented into multiple reading fields arranged in a grid pattern, with each field containing multiple structural elements. This segmentation allows the system to generate multiple independent signals that can be combined to produce interference-free absolute position information, improving signal robustness while maintaining easy mounting tolerances.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses multiple copies of structural elements within each reading field and across the grid pattern. These redundant copies provide multiple signal sources that can be processed to eliminate interference and contamination effects, ensuring reliable signal generation while maintaining the simplicity of a single-track design with generous mounting tolerances.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Data Source

PatentEP3511680B1Position measuring device
Publication Date: 2023.04.19 DR JOHANNES HEIDENHAIN GMBH
  • EP3511680B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3511680B1 patent drawingFigure 3a
  • EP3511680B1 patent drawingFigure 3b

AI summary

The present invention relates to a position measuring device for absolute position determination, comprising a scale and a scanning unit movably arranged relative to the scale along at least one measuring direction. The scale has a measuring division to generate a scannable signal pattern, which, along the measuring direction, comprises a grid of strip elements arranged with a scale longitudinal period. For absolute position encoding along a transverse direction oriented perpendicular to the measuring direction, the strip elements have a periodic structure with a scale transverse period. For scanning the signal pattern, the scanning unit comprises a two-dimensional detector arrangement with a plurality of detector elements, consisting of several detector slits, each containing several detector elements.Here, the detector slits are arranged periodically along the measuring direction and the detector elements along the transverse direction, so that at least three periodic partial-incremental signals with respect to relative movements along the measuring direction and at least one absolute position signal per detector slit can be generated from the sampling of the signal pattern (Fig. 2).